In the title compound, C(3)H(5)N(2) (+)·C(4)H(3)O(4) (-), the dihedral angle between the imidazolium ring and the plane formed by the fumarate anion is 80.98 (6)°. In the crystal structure, inter-molecular O-H⋯O and N-H⋯O hydrogen bonds form extended chains along [100] and [01], creating a two-dimensional network.

The reactive intermediate generated by the addition of tert-butyl and 1,1,3,3-tetramethyl butyl isocyanide and cyclohexyl isocyanide to dialkyl acetylenedicarboxylate was trapped by 3-hydroxy pyridine to produce highly functionalized 4H-chromenes in fairly good  yields

The reactive intermediate generated by the addition of tert-butyl and 1,1,3,3-tetramethyl butyl isocyanide and cyclohexyl isocyanide to dialkyl acetylenedicarboxylate was trapped by 3-hydroxy pyridine to produce highly functionalized 4H-chromenes in fairly good  yields.

In the title salt {systematic name: 4-diphenyl-methyl-1-[(E)-3-phenyl-prop-2-en-1-yl]piperazin-1-ium (2Z)-3-carb-oxy-prop-2-enoate}, C26H29N2(+)·C4H3O4(-), the piperazine ring in the cation adopts a distorted chair conformation and contains a positively charged N atom with quaternary character. The dihedral angle between the mean planes of the phenyl rings of the diphenyl-methyl group is 74.2 (...

MAXIFLO-125 Inhaler Each actuation delivers: Formoterol Fumarate Dihydrate IP..................6 mcg Fluticasone Propionate IP............................125 mcg Suspended in propellant HFA 134a ...............q.s. MAXIFLO-250 Inhaler Each actuation delivers: Formoterol Fumarate Dihydrate IP .................6 mcg Fluticasone Propionate IP...........................250 mcg Suspended in propella...

The formation of aldosterone from corticosterone by the mitochondrial fraction of adrenal homogenates requires the presence of a citric acid cycle intermediate. The most effective intermediate is malate. The stimulation by the soluble fraction of mitochondrial aldosterone formation in the presence of fumarate, reported previously, is the result of conversion of the fumarate to malate by fumaras...

Plasmids carrying cloned segments of the frd operon of Escherichia coli have been used in genetic complementation studies to identify two independent mutants defective in the frdD gene, which encodes the hydrophobic FrdD polypeptide of the fumarate reductase complex. Mutations in the frdA and frdB genes have also been mapped by this technique. One of the FrdD peptide mutants, DW109 (frdD-109), ...

Fifteen potential precursors of propionate were tested for their ability to decrease CH4 production by ruminal fluid in vitro. Sodium acrylate and sodium fumarate produced the most consistent effects in batch cultures, with 50 % of the added precursors being fermented to propionate and CH4 production decreasing by between 8 and 17 %, respectively. Additives were more effective when added as fre...

The finding that the hydration of fumarate in deuterium oxide, as catalyzed by pig heart fumarase, resulted in monodeutero-nmalate, and that prolonged incubations did not lead to any appreciable isotope incorporation into fumarate, established the stcreospecific nature of this reaction (l-3). Through the application of the proton magnetic resonance solid state method, Farrar et al. (4) showed t...