Miombo woodlands constitute the most extensive type of forest cover within South and East Africa, Tanzania in particular, they are seriously threatened by intensive degradation deforestation. The dynamics miombo stands were examined this study using a simple simulation system applied to experimental at Kitulangalo Forest Reserve (KFR) Tanzania. Prediction tree-level diameter increment, mortalit...

The network expansion problem is a very important practical optimization when there need to increment the flow through an existing of transportation, electricity, water, gas, etc. In this problem, augmentation can be achieved either by increasing capacities on arcs, or adding new arcs network. Both operations are coming with cost. paper, finding minimum cost so that modified transport given amo...

Maquira coriacea is a commercial tree species growing throughout the Amazon flood plain forests. Densities up to 14/ha of individuals, >10 cm diameter at breast height (DBH) were observed, corresponding to a basal area of 2 m/ha and a volume of 38 m/ha. The primary period of fruiting coincided with the annual flooding, but fruits were also produced in other parts of the year. Seedlings with den...

Optimization of machining parameters for improving the machining efficiency is become important, when high capital cost NC machines have been employed for high precision and efficient machining. The strategy is to minimize the production time and cost by optimizing feed per tooth, speed, width of cut, depth of cut and tool diameter by satisfying all the constraints such as maximum machine power...

INCREMENT INTERFACE Increment; ATTRIBUTES Errors:SET OF ERRORS; expanded:BOOLEAN; father: Increment; doc_ver: DocumentVersion; END ATTRIBUTES; END ABSTRACT INCREMENT INTERFACE Increment. TERMINAL INCREMENT INTERFACE ClassIdentifier; INHERIT Increment; REGULAR EXPRESSION {[A−Za−z][A−Za−z0−9_]*} END REGULAR EXPRESSION; SEMANTIC RELATIONSHIPS IMPLICIT Constructors:SET OF Constructor.Constructs; IM...

date palm tree reaction to fertilizer is very slow, due to the trunk nutrients. this fact leads to farmer unwillingness to feed the trees. however, balance fertilizing improves vegetative growth and reduce the period for flowering. this study aimed to assess the effects of manure, chemical and organic sulfur on vegetative characteristics of ‘piarom’ date palm offshoot in a randomized complete b...

Understanding how tropical tree species differ in their growth strategies is critical to predict forest dynamics and assess species coexistence. Although tree growth is highly variable in tropical forests, species maximum growth is often considered as a major axis synthesizing species strategies, with fast-growing pioneer and slow-growing shade tolerant species as emblematic representatives. We...

We performed a systematic and comprehensive estimate of the Hubble constant H0 via the Sunyaev-Zel’dovich temperature decrement and the X-ray measurements for clusters up to the redshift z = 0.541, with particular attention to its dependence on the density parameter Ω0, and the cosmological constant λ0. The resulting values of H0 are largely consistent with that derived from the Cepheid distanc...