Due to increasingly tighter emission limits for diesel and gasoline engines, especially concerning particulate matter emissions, particulate filters are becoming indispensable devices for exhaust gas after treatment. Thereby, for an efficient engine and filter control strategy and a cost-efficient filter design, reliable technologies to determine the soot load of the filters and to measure part...

Several components of air pollution have been linked to asthma. In addition to the well-studied critera air pollutants, such as nitrogen dioxide, sulfur dioxide, and ozone, diesel exhaust and diesel exhaust particles (DEPs) also appear to play a role in respiratory and allergic diseases. Diesel exhaust is composed of vapors, gases, and fine particles emitted by diesel-fueled compression-ignitio...

Background: This study aims to measure the output torque and analyze the exhaust elements of a small diesel engine that use the diesel fuel mixed with waste cooking oil to validate the driving and environmental characteristics of this fuel. Methods: The fuel used was diesel fuel mixed with 15% of waste cooking oil, a small quantity of additives and was produced with no complicated refining proc...

Characteristics of carbonyl compounds (carbonyls) emissions from biodiesel–ethanol–diesel (BE–diesel) were investigated in a Commins-4B diesel engine and compared with those from fossil diesel. Acetaldehyde was the most abundant carbonyls in the exhaust, followed by formaldehyde, acetone, propionaldehyde and benzaldehyde. Apliphatic carbonyls emitted from BE–diesel were higher than those from d...

The nitrogen oxides (NOx) are prominent and harmful pollutants in the exhaust of diesel engines. The reduction of NOx to harmless products using catalysts is proved to be a remedy. The present study attempts to reduce NOx emissions in the exhaust of low heat rejection (LHR) diesel engine by catalytic reduction, using lanthanum ion exchanged zeolite (catalyst-A) and urea infused lanthanum ion ex...

BACKGROUND Most studies of the association between diesel exhaust exposure and lung cancer suggest a modest, but consistent, increased risk. However, to our knowledge, no study to date has had quantitative data on historical diesel exposure coupled with adequate sample size to evaluate the exposure-response relationship between diesel exhaust and lung cancer. Our purpose was to evaluate the rel...

After decades of research involving numerous epidemiologic studies and extensive investigations in laboratory animals, a causal relationship between diesel exhaust (DE) exposure and lung cancer has not been conclusively demonstrated. Epidemiologic studies of the transportation industry (trucking, busing, and railroad) show a small elevation in lung cancer incidence (relative risks [RRs] general...

This paper presents results from the characterization of vehicle exhaust that were obtained primarily within the Swedish Urban Air Project, "Tätortsprojektet." Exhaust emissions from both gasoline- and diesel-fueled vehicles have been investigated with respect to regulated pollutants (carbon monoxide [CO], hydrocarbon [HC], nitrogen oxides [NOx], and particulate), unregulated pollutants, and in...

Honeybees utilise floral odours when foraging for flowers; we investigated whether diesel exhaust pollution could interrupt these floral odour stimuli. A synthetic blend of eight floral chemicals, identified from oilseed rape, was exposed to diesel exhaust pollution. Within one minute of exposure the abundances of four of the chemicals were significantly lowered, with two components rendered un...