For most mammals, running is their major locomotive style, however, cetaceans and bats are two mammalian groups that have independently developed new locomotive styles (swimming and flying) from their terrestrial ancestors. In this study, we used a genome-wide comparative analysis in an attempt to identify the selective imprint of the development of new locomotive styles by cetaceans and bats t...

When plasmodia of the true slime mold Physarum were exposed to unfavorable conditions presented as three consecutive pulses at constant intervals, they reduced their locomotive speed in response to each episode. When the plasmodia were subsequently subjected to favorable conditions, they spontaneously reduced their locomotive speed at the time when the next unfavorable episode would have occurr...

We develop a new hidden Markov model-based method to analyze C elegans locomotive behavior and use this method to quantitatively characterize behavioral states. In agreement with previous work, we find states corresponding to roaming, dwelling, and quiescence. However, we also find evidence for a continuum of intermediate states. We suggest that roaming, dwelling, and quiescence may best be tho...

Abstract. In this paper, we give an overview of the Locomotive Simulater/Optimizer (LSO) decision support system developed by us for railroads. This software is designed to imitate locomotive movement across a rail network, and it simulates all four major components of the system; trains, locomotives, terminals, and shops in an integrated framework. It includes about 20 charts that allow evalua...

The slip control is important for an adhesion force transmission between locomotive wheels and rails. The slip control consists of two tasks. The first task is the slip value detection and the second one is the evaluation of a slip value with a subsequent control action. These two tasks can be realized by many types of methods. Several detection methods use an adhesion coefficient or the adhesi...

The notion of transplanting limbs to enhance a motion capture database is appealing and has been recently introduced [Sha04], [Ike04]. A key difficulty in the process is identifying believable combinations. Not all transplantations are successful; we also need to identify appropriate frames in the different clips that are “cutpasted.” In this paper, we describe motion grafting, a method to synt...

It is established that at various technological processes repair of a rolling stock railways electric drives the universal non-standard equipment can constantly work in essentially underloaded mode leads to deterioration their power indicators. The aim quantify reduction active losses when replacing asynchronous motors unregulated used railway with less powerful ones. In this work, subject rese...

Characteristics of carbonyl compounds (carbonyls) emissions from biodiesel–ethanol–diesel (BE–diesel) were investigated in a Commins-4B diesel engine and compared with those from fossil diesel. Acetaldehyde was the most abundant carbonyls in the exhaust, followed by formaldehyde, acetone, propionaldehyde and benzaldehyde. Apliphatic carbonyls emitted from BE–diesel were higher than those from d...

NOTICE This document is disseminated under the sponsorship of the Department of Transportation in the interest of information exchange. The United States Government assumes no liability for its contents or use thereof. NOTICE The United States Government does not endorse products or manufacturers. Trade or manufacturers' names appear herein solely because they are considered essential to the ob...

Book Review virtually any target RNA, providing a potentially powerful extension of the antisense approach to gene inactiva-tion. Subsequent advances in RNA synthesis methods allowed large scale preparation of catalytic RNAs for RNA Catalysis. structural studies, the introduction of nucleotide modifications to stabilize antisense ribozymes against intra-Berlin: Springer-Verlag. (1996). 417 pp. ...