Dietary intake of macronutrients (carbohydrate, protein, and fat) has been associated with risk of chronic conditions such as obesity and diabetes. Family studies have reported a moderate contribution of genetics to variation in macronutrient intake. In a genome-wide meta-analysis of a population-based discovery cohort (n = 33 533), rs838133 in FGF21 (19q13.33), rs197273 near TRAF family member...

In the last decade, the association between diet and cognitive function or dementia has been largely investigated. In the present article, we systematically reviewed observational studies published in the last three years (2014-2016) on the relationship among dietary factors and late-life cognitive disorders at different levels of investigation (i.e., dietary patterns, foods and food-groups, an...

Background: Food insecurity and depression are two public health problems in the developing countries. This study aimed to determine the association of food insecurity with depression and socioeconomic status (SES) among medical university students. Methods: This study was conducted among 272 students within the age range of 18-22 years. Participants’ demographic and anthropometric information ...

Undernutrition is a considerable challenge in sub-Saharan Africa, especially countries affected by protracted crisis, but the literature lacks information on underlying mechanisms influencing micro- and macronutrients, appropriate analytical tools are needed to assist policymakers implementers. The paper contributes filling this gap, focusing Western Bahr el Ghazal state South Sudan using prima...

Blood pressure and prevalence of high blood pressure are greater for northern than southern Chinese. Reasons for these differences are unclear. Relationships of north-south blood pressure differences with multiple dietary factors were investigated in 839 Chinese participants, International Study on Macronutrients and Blood Pressure (INTERMAP), 561 northern, 278 southern, aged 40 to 59 years. Da...

This study examined relationships between macronutrients and plasma triglycerides, HDL, and the total-to-HDL cholesterol ratio (T/H ratio) in a population-based sample of 695 premenopausal and 727 postmenopausal women participating in the Framingham Offspring/Spouse Study. Multivariate regression analyses revealed that plasma triglycerides were inversely related to protein, fiber, and polyunsat...

Obesity has been linked to more aggressive characteristics of several cancers, including breast and prostate cancer. Adipose tissue appears to contribute to paracrine interactions in the tumor microenvironment. In particular, cancer-associated adipocytes interact reciprocally with cancer cells and influence cancer progression. Adipokines secreted from adipocytes likely form a key component of t...

BACKGROUND The early years in life are increasingly recognized as a critical period for the development of diet-related behavioral traits. However, discussions continue on the relative role of genes and the environment in determining dietary intake, particularly in young children for whom detailed dietary information is limited. OBJECTIVES This study tested the hypothesis that diet in early c...