Simple discriminations are involved in many functional skills; additionally, they are components of conditional discriminations (identity and arbitrary matching-to-sample), which are involved in a wide array of other important performances. Many individuals with severe disabilities have difficulty acquiring simple discriminations with standard training procedures, such as differential reinforce...

Peer-to-peer (P2P) energy trading is a decentralized market where local prosumers act as peers, among each other. Existing works in this area largely overlook the importance of user behavioral modeling, assume users’ sustained active participation, and full compliance decision-making process. To overcome these unrealistic assumptions, their deleterious consequences, paper we propose an automate...

In the behavioral theory of timing, pacemaker rate is determined by overall rate of reinforcement. A two-alternative free-operant psychophysical procedure was employed to investigate whether pacemaker period was also sensitive to the differential rate of reinforcement. Responding on a left key during the first 25 s and on a right key during the second 25 s of a 50-s trial was reinforced at vari...

Previous studies have demonstrated that discriminative learning is facilitated when a particular outcome is associated with each relation to be learned. When this training procedure is applied (the differential outcomes procedure; DOP), learning is faster and better than when the typical common outcomes procedure or nondifferential outcomes (NDO) is used. Our primary purpose in the two experime...

Vocal stereotypy is a common problem behavior among persons with autism spectrum disorder and can prove to be a fairly difficult behavior to treat. One of the main reasons that this behavior is often challenging is that it is usually maintained by the sensory consequences that it produces. Response interruption and redirection and differential reinforcement of other behavior are two treatments ...