This paper reports an integrated micro gas chromatography (μGC) architecture which utilizes a bi-directional micropump. Four integral components—the bi-directional Knudsen pump (KP2), a two-stage preconcentrator-focuser (PCF2), a separation column, and a gas detector—are integrated in a 4.3 cm3 stack, forming a serial flow path. All four components are fabricated using the same three-mask proce...

This work presents directional radio channel measurements in the W-band using a commercial versatile channel sounder based on a vector network analyzer (VNA), capable of measuring scattering parameters from 75 to 500 GHz with frequency converters. The commercial setup has been modified by increasing the distance for one of the converters using precision coaxial cables and avoiding the use of am...

After spinal transection in ammocoetes (lamprey larvae) 4 to 5 years old, functional recovery is accompanied by a limited regeneration in which axons grow as far as 5 millimeters beyond the scar. In axotomized giant interneurons labeled intracellularly with horseradish peroxidase 16 to 120 days after transection, 74 percent of regenerating neurites grew in their normal projection pattern, rosta...

This paper compares the performance of on-demand Directional Node-Disjoint Multipath Routing (DNDMR) protocol with those of contemporary wireless ad hoc network routing protocols. DNDMR protocol especially performs well for grid-style network topology. Multipath routing inherently allows the establishment of multiple routes between source and destination. The important features of DNDMR are pat...

In this paper, we present the Bi-directional FMT∗(BFMT∗) algorithm for asymptotically-optimal, sampling-based path planning in cluttered, high-dimensional spaces. Specifically, BFMT∗ performs a twosource, lazy dynamic programming recursion over a set of randomlydrawn samples, correspondingly generating two search trees: one in costto-come space from the initial state and another in cost-to-go s...

Owing to limited bandwidth, how to reduce the control overhead of routing protocols is an important issue in mobile ad hoc networks. In this paper, an Efficient and Robust Location-Aided Route Protocol (ER_LAR) is proposed. The ER_LAR includes Sector-Broadcast Mechanism, Route Maintenance, and Bi-directional Route Repair. Sector-Broadcast Mechanism mainly reduces the communication overhead duri...

C ONVENTIONAL streamlined autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs) are underactuated by design. Typically, they include a propulsor and torque actuators, such as control planes. In this Note, it is assumed that the 6 degrees of freedom vehicle is actuated in 4 degrees of freedom: surge, roll, pitch, and yaw. The control objective is to globally asymptotically stabilize longitudinalaxis translation...

The auditory impression of sound sources is strongly influenced by the room, which, e.g., determines the apparent source width. What is more, typical sources are not omnidirectional, which also makes their orientation a strong influence. This influence, however, has only been investigated a little, although it can even change the perceived location of the source. To provide more insight, we per...

This paper considers a method for the visual-based navigation of a mobile robot in an indoor environment. The sole sensor used is an omni-directional camera. Navigation is achieved by combining appearance based methods and visual servoing. A database of omni-directional images is obtained during a training stage. This database maps the environment in a topological sense. Since the image set is ...

Artificially designed acoustic meta-surfaces have the ability to manipulate sound energy to an extraordinary extent. Here, we report on a new type of directional reflective surface consisting of an array of sub-wavelength Helmholtz resonators with varying internal coiled path lengths, which induce a reflection phase gradient along a planar acoustic meta-surface. The acoustically reshaped reflec...