Discriminating ability (selectivity) of chemoreceptor neuron is compared with that of its receptor proteins. The process of neuronal triggering is expected to be cooperative and threshold-type in a sense that the neuron can fire if and only if the number of its receptor proteins, which are bound with odor molecules, is above a definite threshold. Both deterministic and stochastic pictures are c...

Previous research has demonstrated that older adults are not as accurate as younger adults at perceiving negative emotions in facial expressions. These studies rely on emotion recognition tasks that involve choosing between many alternatives, creating the possibility that age differences emerge for cognitive rather than perceptual reasons. In the present study, an emotion discrimination task wa...

This study explored the ability to control familiarity-based information in a memory exclusion paradigm in healthy young, older adults, and early stage DAT individuals. We compared the predictive power of memory exclusion performance to standard psychometric performance in discriminating between aging and the earliest stage of DAT and between APOe4-present and APOe4-absent genotype in healthy c...

Metacognition is one of the important indicators 21st century skills as part ways thinking. ability used by students to see how cognitive activities such remembering, learning, and problem solving can be carried out effectively. However, in fact not many assessment tools have been developed measure metacognitive ability. On other hand, Moodle has good potential a platform for creating test inst...

We study some combinatorial and algorithmic properties of discriminating codes in bipartite graphs. In particular, we provide bounds on minimum discriminating codes and give constructions. We also show that upperbounding the size of a discriminating code is NP-complete.

To examine whether visual attention to global and local features of visual stimuli modulates neural activity in the monkey visual cortex, we applied positron emission tomography techniques to monkeys while they were discriminating either global or local features of visual stimuli. The posterior inferior temporal cortex was more activated in discriminating global features than in discriminating ...

Objective: To examine the specificity of methylphenidate effects on the processes that support the ability to rapidly and accurately coordinate the performance of multiple tasks in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Method: Twenty children with ADHD performed the task-switching paradigm while on and off medication. The paradigm involves switching between two differen...

We examined quantity discrimination in the Clark's nutcracker (Nucifraga columbiana), a corvid bird with a strong dependence upon caching and recovering nuts. We presented 2 sets of nuts simultaneously, in 21 different conditions, to see if the nutcrackers could choose the larger of the 2 quantities. The nutcrackers displayed a strong ability to discriminate quantities of nuts. Like other anima...

Differentiating individuals by their voice is an important social skill for infants to acquire. In a previous study, we demonstrated that the ability to discriminate individuals by voice follows a pattern of perceptual narrowing (Friendly et al., 2013). Specifically, we found that the ability to discriminate between two foreign-species (rhesus monkey) voices decreased significantly between 6 an...