turkmen horse is one of the oldest and purest breeds in the world, but there is no information on doppler echocardiographic parameters in this horse. in the present study, pulsed-wave (pw) doppler echocardiography was performed on 42 clinically normal 3- to 15-year-old racing turkmen horses. no cardiac disease was detected with two-dimensional (2-d) real-time, m-mode, and colour flow mapping. d...