backgrounds and aims: mastitis is a mammalian disease which is considered important due to its potential economic damages. trueperella pyogenesis is one of the important opportunistic pathogens of the mammary glands of cattle. this bacterium can produce acute mastitis infection in dairy cattle. in fact, this bacterium has several virulence genes which contribute to its pathogenicity. therefore,...

fungal diseases, chocolate spot (botrytis fabae sard) is the most destructive diseases of faba bean and causes considerable dramatic damage losses on faba bean yield worldwide. the levels of resistance to chocolate spot were evaluated in 35 faba bean cultivars and one susceptible check (ilb365) and local check (barkat) at the gorgan agricultural research station during the 2010 and 2011 croppin...

The identification of molecular markers linked to leaf curl virus (CLCuV) disease resistance in cotton has the potential to improve both the efficiency and the efficacy of selection in cotton breeding programs. Genetic analysis suggested that CLCuV resistance is controlled by a single dominant gene. In this study, an interspecific F2 population derived from a cross of Gossypium barbadense and G...

the liver is involved in the synthesis and metabolism of many kinds of hormones, various abnormalities hormone levels are found in advanced liver disease. for example the liver is, extremely sensitive to changes in insulin or glucagon levels. the liver is the primary organ of iron storage is frequently involved, diabetes is common in patients with iron overload and may be seen in cirrhosis. chr...

Inflammatory linear verrucous epidermal nevus (ILVEN) is a unilateral skin disorder which usually manifests in infancy or childhood. Female predominance, frequent leg involvement, pruritus, resistance to treatment, and a psoriasiform histologic pattern are other common characteristics of this disease. Atypical presentations of ILVEN have been described and include late onset in life, wide...

Nonhost disease resistance is the most common form of disease resistance exhibited by plants against the majority of potentially pathogenic microorganisms. Recently, several components of nonhost disease resistance have been identified. Nonhost resistance exhibited against bacteria, fungi and oomycetes can be of two types. Type I nonhost resistance does not produce any visible symptoms whereas ...

Today, populations of eastern oysters, Crassostrea virginica, are commonly limited by disease mortality. Resistance toMSX disease has developed in a number of cases, but the development of resistance toDermo disease would appear to be limited, despite the high mortality rates and frequency of epizootics. Can aspects of the host’s genetics or population dynamics limit the response to the disease...

The liver is involved in the synthesis and metabolism of many kinds of hormones, various abnormalities hormone levels are found in advanced liver disease. For example the liver is, extremely sensitive to changes in insulin or glucagon levels. The liver is the primary organ of iron storage is frequently involved, diabetes is common in patients with iron overload and may be seen in cirrhosis. Chr...

fusarium head blight (fhb) is an important disease in wheat worldwide that reduces grain yield, quality as well as contaminates grains to the mycotoxins. thirty spring wheat genotypes including 28 bread wheat and two durum wheat genotypes were evaluated for fhb under a randomized complete block design with three replications. grain yield and its components were evaluated by using two environmen...