1 SoftFrog cc, PO Box 67, Kei Mouth, 5260, South Africa. Email: [email protected] 2 Percy FitzPatrick Institute, DST/NRF Centre of Excellence, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch 7701, South Africa 3 Marine and Coastal Management, Department of Environmental Affairs and Tourism, Private Bag X2, Rogge Bay 8012, South Africa 4 Mammal Research Institute, Department of Zoology & Entomology, Un...

The strength of interactions between predators and their prey (interaction strength) varies enormously among species within ecological communities. Understanding the community-wide distribution of interaction strengths is vital, given that communities dominated by weak interactions may be more stable and resistant to invasion. In the oceans, previous studies have reported log-normal distributio...

nasonovia ribisnigri (mosely) is one of the most important pests of the lettuce plant and it was reported for the first time in ahvaz in 2008. in order to investigate the dominant species of its natural enemies and their population fluctuations, sample were taken arbitrarily from fifty plants twice a week during the growing season in 2010-2012. in this study, ten species of predators, three spe...

The stability of ecological communities depends strongly on quantitative characteristics of population interactions (type-II vs. type-III functional responses) and the distribution of body masses across species. Until now, these two aspects have almost exclusively been treated separately leaving a substantial gap in our general understanding of food webs. We analysed a large data set of arthrop...

Distribution data for the Evanioidea are taken from Crosskey (1951), with additional references given under notes for each taxon. This is a small superfamily of three extant families, but particularly poorly represented in northern Europe. The Evaniidae (sometimes referred to as 'ensign wasps') are, where known, parasitoids/predators of cockroach oothecae (Crosskey 1951; Brown 1973) and are mor...

11 With technical advances in wildlife telemetry, the study of cryptic predators’ responses to prey 12 distribution has been revolutionised. Considering marine predators, high resolution tagging 13 devices were developed lately to collect long and precise diving datasets. In this study, we 14 investigated, at fine temporal and spatial scales, changes in the horizontal movements and 15 diving pa...

The focus of this study is to investigate if microcrustaceans undergo diel horizontal migration (DHM) in a tropical shallow lake on a yearly basis and analyse the adaptive value regarding predation. Abundance of invertebrate predators, chaoborid larvae and water mites, and microcrustaceans (cladocerans and copepods) were evaluated on a monthly basis in three stations located on a transect durin...