We conducted a phase 3 randomized trial comparing 2 different doses of daunorubicin as induction chemotherapy in young adults (60 years of age or younger) with acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Of 383 patients who were analyzed, 189 received standard-dose daunorubicin (SD-DN, 45 mg/m² per day times 3 days) and 194 received high-dose daunorubicin (HD-DN, 90 mg/m² per day times 3 days) in addition to...

Downbeat nystagmus (DN), a fixation nystagmus with the fast phases directed downward, is usually caused by cerebellar lesions, but the precise etiology is not known. A disorder of the smooth-pursuit system or of central vestibular pathways has been proposed. However, both hypotheses fail to explain why DN is usually accompanied by gaze-holding nystagmus, which implies a leaky neural velocity-to...

Members of cutaneous melanoma (CM) families with dysplastic nevi (DN) are at high risk of developing CM. Using a shuttle vector plasmid, pSP189, cell lines from three patients with CM plus DN were previously found to have elevated post-UV plasmid mutability. To investigate familial occurrence of this cellular phenotype, we examined post-UV plasmid mutability in 31 lymphoblastoid cell lines from...

HIV induces CD4 down-regulation from the surface of infected cells by several independent mechanisms, suggesting an important biological role for this phenomenon. In vitro CD4 down-regulation generates T cells with a double-negative (DN) CD4(-)CD8(-) T cell receptor-alphabeta(+) phenotype. However, evidence that this down-regulation occurs in vivo in HIV-infected subjects is lacking, and viral ...

Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is one of the major chronic complications of diabetes. Genetic polymorphism of Apolipoprotein E (ApoE) has been proposed to participating in DN. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the relationship between ApoE genetic polymorphism and the presence of DN in Chinese type 2 diabetic patients. We studied 845 diabetic patients who were divided into DN group (n = 429) ...

M-currents are K+ currents generated by members of the KCNQ family of K+ channels (Wang et al., 1998). However, in some cells, M-like currents may be contaminated by members of other K+ channel gene families, such as the erg family (Meves et al., 1999; Selyanko et al., 1999). In the present experiments, we have used the acute expression of pore-defective mutants of KCNQ3 (DN-KCNQ3) and Merg1a (...

Diabetic neuropathy (DN), an important microvascular complication of diabetes, is one of the major causes of morbidity in patients with diabetes. Studies have confirmed that glycaemic control and duration of diabetes are important factors for the development of DN. However, the exact mechanism of damage to peripheral nerves due to prolonged hyperglycaemic exposure is still not clear. Recent epi...

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) is a public health concern worldwide and an important cause of morbidity and mortality. Type 2 DM is associated with microvascular and macrovascular complications. Diabetic nephropathy (DN), which is characterized by proteinuria, is one of the most serious long-term microvascular complications of DM. The proportion of DN is increasing worldwide. DN is the leading c...

BACKGROUND Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a major microvascular complication of diabetes. Pentraxin 3 (PTX3) is a member of the acute-phase reactants superfamily and altered plasma levels of PTX3 are associated with DN. We performed a case-control study to analyze the relationship between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in PTX3 and the risk for DN in patients with type 2 diabetes. MATERIAL...

Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is the leading cause of kidney disease; however, there are no early biomarkers and no cure. Thus, there is a large unmet need to predict which individuals will develop nephropathy and to understand the molecular mechanisms that govern this susceptibility. We compared the glomerular transcriptome from mice with distinct susceptibilities to DN at four weeks after inducti...