The fluorescence, F, of two dicarbocyanine dyes, diS-C3(5) and diI-C3(5), depends both on the membrane potential, E, and on the intracellular pH, pHc, or human red blood cells. Compositions of isotonic media have been devised in which the equilibrium Donnan potential, E, varies at constant pHc and in which pHc varies at constant E. Dye fluorescence measurements in these suspensions yield calibr...

Lacunes are small deep infarcts which cavitate, producing “lacunes” (French for lake).1 “Lacunar infarcts” have been thought of as strokes caused by intrinsic disease of small vessels called lipohyalinosis, resulting from hypertension2 and diabetes.3 Contrary to this established dogma, the literature demonstrates that emboli are the cause of lacunes. Almost all of the histopathological evaluati...

We used computer simulations to study the equilibrium swelling of weak (pH-responsive) polyelectrolyte hydrogels as a function pH and salt concentration in supernatant solution. Our were designed represent recently synthesized gels composed tetrapoly(acrylic acid) tetrapoly(ethylene glycol) stars. To model ionization acid groups exchange small ions with reservoir, we applied developed grand-rea...

This study presents a novel desalination technology that couples Donnan dialysis (DD) with thermally-recoverable solutes and utilizes low-grade heat as energy input. In the proposed process, saline feed streams receiver solutions of concentrated NH4HCO3(aq) flow stepwise across cation- anion-exchange membranes. The large transmembrane concentration differences NH4+ HCO3– set up electrochemical ...

cyanide ion, is an environmentally significant pollutant in many industrial wastewaters.therefore, a considerable number of methods have been studied for the wastewater treatment containingcyanide. the goal of our work consists in applying a simple and economic process for solving this problem ofpollution. the removal of cyanide ions by using three anion exchange membranes has been studied unde...