We report a preliminary analysis of the interactions between eye and hand during tracing and drawing of four simple shapes. Eye and hand movements were recorded using the ASL 504 system and the Flock of Birds system, respectively. During tracing, pen tip and eye were tightly coupled, with participants making a series of small saccades just in front of the moving pen, interspersed with periods o...

This paper presents the webIcononscope tool for creative drawing, which allows users to draw simple icons composed of basic shapes and colors in order to represent abstract semantic concepts. The goal of this creative exercise is to create icons that are ambiguous enough to confuse other people attempting to guess which concept they represent. webIcononscope is available online and all creation...

When does a writing system emerge out of children's drawing to separate (a) script processing and production from (b) picture processing and production? And does one system's activation help or hinder the other system's operation? Children 4-12 years of age wrote repeated Os and Vs and drew matching shapes, in the contexts of script and of pictures. The technique elicits matching products in or...

A virtual haptic-audio drawing program prototype designed for visuallyimpaired children has been gradually developed in a design-evaluation loop involvingusers in four stages. Three qualitative evaluations focused on recognizing drawnshapes and creating drawings have been conducted together with a reference group of5 visually impaired children. Additionally, one formal pilot tes...

Hand-drawn symbols can take many different and distorted shapes from their ideal representation. Then, very jlexible methods are needed to be able to handle unconstrained drawings. We propose here to extend our previous work in hand-drawn symbol recognition based on a bayesian fi-amework and deformable template matching. This approach gets jexibility enough to fit distorted shapes in the drawin...

The Problem: In the past few years our group has developed sketching systems for several design domains, including mechanical engineering and software. Each new domain required writing new shape recognizers. We are currently developing a generic sketching system where a new domain can be added simply by providing textual descriptions of the domain symbols in a shape description language [1]. Ea...

Let 〈Gr, Gb〉 be a pair of plane st-graphs with the same vertex set V . A simultaneous visibility representation with L-shapes of 〈Gr, Gb〉 is a pair of bar visibility representations 〈Γr, Γb〉 such that, for every vertex v ∈ V , Γr(v) and Γb(v) are a horizontal and a vertical segment, which share an end-point. In other words, every vertex is drawn as an L-shape, every edge of Gr is a vertical vis...

Computational design tools in architecture currently fall into two broad categories: Tools for representation and tools for generative design, including scripting. However, both categories address only relatively methodical aspects of designing, and do little to support the design freedom and serendipitous creativity that, for example, is afforded by iterative sketching. Calculating with visual...

We present a shape classification technique for structural content–based retrieval of two-dimensional vector drawings. Our method has two distinguishing features. For one, it relies on explicit hierarchical descriptions of drawing structure by means of spatial relationships and shape characterization. However, unlike other approaches which attempt rigid shape classification, our method relies o...

A shape visibility representation displays a graph so that each vertex is represented by an orthogonal polygon of a particular shape and for each edge there is a horizontal or vertical line of sight between the polygons assigned to its endvertices. Special shapes are rectangles, L, T, E and H-shapes, and caterpillars. A flat rectangle is a horizontal bar of height > 0. A graph is 1-planar if th...