BACKGROUND Presently, studies of factors associated with drug-resistant tuberculosis (TB) focus on patients' socio-demographic characteristics and living habits, to the exclusion of biochemical indicators, especially immune factors. This study was carried out to determine whether immune factors are associated with drug-resistant TB. MATERIAL AND METHODS A total of 227 drug-resistant pulmonary T...

In order to improve quality (of therapy), one has to know, evaluate and make transparent, one's own daily processes. This process of reflection can be supported by the presentation of key data or indicators, in which the real as-is state can be represented. Quality indicators are required in order to depict the as-is state.Quality indicators reflect adherence to specific quality measures. Conti...

BACKGROUND To promote rational drug use in developing countries, it is important to assess drug use pattern using the World Health Organization (WHO) drug use indicators. The aim of this study was to assess the drug prescription patterns at the Medical Outpatient Pharmacy of Hawassa University Teaching and Referral Hospital, using some of the WHO core drug use indicators. METHODS A descriptiv...

BACKGROUND Neurological disorders are a significant cause of morbidity, mortality and adversely affect quality of life among pediatric patients. In India, more than 30% population is under 20 years of age, many of whom present late during the course of illness. Several drugs prescribed to pediatric population suffering from neurological disorders may be off label or unlicensed. AIMS AND OBJEC...

Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamics principles are fundamental to achieving the optimal response to antiretroviral drug therapy: successful antiretroviral therapy depends on attaining a therapeutic drug concentration that maximizes efficacy and minimizes toxicity.[1] Understanding drug interactions plays an important role for clinicians in providing effective and safe antiretroviral therapy. D...

Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamics principles are fundamental to achieving the optimal response to antiretroviral drug therapy: successful antiretroviral therapy depends on attaining a therapeutic drug concentration that maximizes efficacy and minimizes toxicity.[1] Understanding drug interactions plays an important role for clinicians in providing effective and safe antiretroviral therapy. D...

BACKGROUND The 2010 World Health Organisation (WHO) Infant and Young Child Feeding (IYCF) indicators are useful for monitoring feeding practices. METHODS A total sample of 300 subjects aged 6 to 23 months was recruited from urban suburbs of Kuala Lumpur and Putrajaya. Compliance with each IYCF indicator was computed according to WHO recommendations. Dietary intake based on two-day weighed foo...

Intelligent Transport systems (ITS) are essentially dependent on correct selection and operation of integrated communications solution. Requirements on the ITS communications environment are, however, regularly quantified indirectly by telematic sub-system performance indicators. Correct selection and configuration of the appropriate communication solution can be achieved if transformation matr...