Background: Influenza viruses are one of the most important etiological agents of res-piratory disease in humans and cause epidemics and pandemics with substantial mor-bidity and mortality worldwide. Vaccination and antiviral treatments are the sole and essential way for the prevention and control of influenza infection. During an influenza epidemic before the production of effective vaccine, a...

Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is an endemic parasitic disease of major health impact in many parts of the world and is caused by several species of the protozoan parasite Leishmania. Antimonial compounds (i.e glucantime and pentostam) are the first-line treatment for cutaneous leishmaniasis with emerging drug resistance as a problem. The control of Leishmania is further complicated by the emerge...

ABSTRACT          Background and objective: Approximately 50 million people worldwide (1% of the world's population) suffer from epilepsy. Among 700 thousand people with epilepsy in Iran, 20% have refractory epilepsy. Accumulation of leukocytes in patients' brain parenchyma is thought to be related to different types of epilepsy. Recent clinical observat...

Background and Aim: Resistance to trastuzumab has been a critical barrier to targeted therapy of HER 2-positive (Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2) breast cancers. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are known as decisive core regulators of drug resistance that modulate the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and cancer-related immune responses. The present study aimed at examining the expression ...