background and purpose: most traditional tea shop owners use a bowl to wash tea cups in sari city (north of iran). there are more than 140 traditional tea shops in the city. unfortunately most people drinking at these shops as well as health authorities do not pay attention to the health criteria of the shop. the objective of this study was to examin the tea cups washing water of traditional te...

Gecko toe pads show strong adhesion on various surfaces yet remain remarkably clean around everyday contaminants. An understanding of how geckos clean their toe pads while being in motion is essential for the elucidation of animal behaviours as well as the design of biomimetic devices with optimal performance. Here, we test the self-cleaning of geckos during locomotion. We provide, to our knowl...

BACKGROUND Cervical Papanicolaou (Pap) smear screening is an effective method of detecting cytological changes in the cervix before they lead to cervical cancer. However, the quality of a Pap smear can be compromised by inflammatory exudate, inadequate cellularity or failure to sample the transformation zone. We evaluated the effect of routine cervical cleaning on Pap smear quality. METHODS I...

Over the past two years, Hamilton Standard Space Systems International (HSSSI) has had an active program underway to identify, evaluate and design a non-ozone depleting chemical (ODC) based precision cleaning process for spaceflight hardware. This paper outlines the various elements and findings of this program which has culminated in the design of a non-ODC based precision cleaning process. Th...

Microbial ecosystems were surveyed in 314 environmental samples from 54 Southern and Eastern European small-scale processing units (PUs) manufacturing traditional dry fermented sausages. The residual microflora contaminating the surfaces and the equipment were analysed after cleaning and disinfection procedures. All the PU environments were colonised at various levels by spoilage and technologi...

As device geometry continues to shrink, micro-contaminants have an increasingly negative impact on yield. By diminishing the contamination problem, semiconductor manufacturers will significantly improve the wafer yield. This paper presents a comprehensive and successful application of data mining methodologies to the refinement of a new dry cleaning technology that utilizes a laser beam for the...

In this study, chopping board meat samples collected from shops of Bharatpur Metropolitan City, Nepal, were screened for the presence Escherichia coli (E. coli), with a special emphasis on identification extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing strains. Representatives also interviewed to understand sanitary status and hygienic practices. E. bacteria detected in one third (33/99) samples,...

–In this study cotton fabric was pretreated with nano TiO2 (<100nm) particles by Pad-Dry-Cure technique. The deposition of nano particles on the fabric was observed by SEM and elementally analyzed by oxford –Inca software using SEM. The treated fabric was analyzed for the change in their physical, biological and functional properties compared to the untreated cotton fabric. Very encouraging res...

1-Bromopropane is a brominated hydrocarbon that was originally used as an intermediate in the production of pesticides, flavors and fragrances, pharmaceuticals, and other chemicals. It is currently used as a solvent in the adhesives, dry cleaning, vapor degreasing, and electronic and metal cleaning industries. There has been an increased use of 1-bromopropane in the last decade due to its appli...