A structured mathematical model of anaerobic conversion of complex organic materials in non-ideally cyclic-batch reactors for biogas production has been developed. The  model is based on multiple-reaction stoichiometry (enzymatic hydrolysis, acidogenesis, acetogenesis and methanogenesis), microbial growth kinetics, conventional material balances in the liquid and gas phases for a cyclic-bat...

The application of conductive coatings on ferritic stainless steel can decrease electrical conductivity. Theaim of this research was to investigate the electrical conductivity of cobalt coated AISI 430 ferritic stainlesssteel by pack cementation technique. Coated coupons were analyzed using scanning electron microscopy(SEM). Electrical conductivity of the coated substrates was measured as a fun...

Abstract Direct Bonded Copper (DBC) is the most popular solution for conventional high-power modules because of superior thermal/electrical/mechanical performance and mature manufacturing. To meet rising demand power density rating, a Double-Sided Cooled (DSC) sandwich structure using dual insulated metal-clad substrates was proposed DBC still dominated substrate selection DSC modules. However,...

Abstract Sensitive DNA assays are of importance in life science and biomedical engineering, but they heavily dependent on thermal cycling programs or enzyme-assisted schemes, which require the utilization bulky devices costly reagents. To circumvent such requirements, we developed an isothermal enzyme-free sensing method with dual-stage signal amplification ability based coupling use catalytic ...

in a novel dual bed reactor fischer-tropsch synthesis was studied by using two diffrent cobalt catalysts. an alkali-promoted cobalt catalyst was used in the first bed of a fixed-bed reactor followed by a rutenuim promoted cobalt catalyst in the second bed. the activity, product selectivity and accelerated deactivation of the system were assessed and compared with a conventional single bed react...

Protein degradation is a vital process in cells for quality control and participation in regulatory pathways. Intracellular ATP-dependent proteases are responsible for regulated degradation and are highly controlled in their function, especially with respect to substrate selectivity. Adaptor proteins that can associate with the proteases add an additional layer of control to substrate selection...

Clopidogrel is reported to be associated with cerivastatin-induced rhabdomyolysis, and clopidogrel and its metabolites are capable of inhibiting CYP2C8 and OATP 1B1 in vitro. The objective of the present study was to identify the mechanism of clopidogrel-mediated drug-drug interactions (DDIs) on the pharmacokinetics of OATP1B1 and/or CYP2C8 substrates in vivo. A clinical cassette small-dose stu...

This review describes our recent efforts in the development of acid-base organocatalysts, (S)-3-(N-isopropyl-N-3-pyridinylaminomethyl) BINOL (6a) and (S)-3-[2-(diphenylphosphino)phenyl] BINOL (13a), with dual activation mechanism for the aza-Morita-Baylis-Hillman (aza-MBH) reaction. In these catalysts, chiral Brønsted acid units are connected with a Lewis base unit via a spacer. The acid-base m...

3-Nitro-1H-1,2,4-triazole-based amides with a linear, rigid core and 3-nitrotriazole-based fluconazole analogues were synthesized as dual functioning antitrypanosomal agents. Such compounds are excellent substrates for type I nitroreductase (NTR) located in the mitochondrion of trypanosomatids and, at the same time, act as inhibitors of the sterol 14α-demethylase (T. cruzi CYP51) enzyme. Becaus...