The authors describe the current control strategies targeting definitive hosts of the most important zoonotic parasite in Japan, Echinococcus multilocularis. A dramatic increase in the prevalence of echinococcosis in foxes in Hokkaido (the second largest of Japan's islands), the invasion of wild foxes into urban areas, infection among pet and stray dogs, and the possibility of spreading the dis...

Kazakhstan is highly endemic for echinococcosis. Both Echinococcus granulosus and E. multilocularis are widely distributed in the country. Official records of human cystic echinococcosis over the past 5-10 years suggest a stable incidence of approximately 800-1000 cases per year, which is 5 cases per 100,000 per year. This followed a rapid increase in the incidence following the dissolution of ...

Echinococcus multilocularis is the causative agent of alveolar echinococcosis, a serious and emerging zoonotic disease in many parts of the northern hemisphere. Humans but also primates and other accidental hosts can acquire the infection by the ingestion of eggs excreted by the carnivore definitive hosts, e.g. after hand contact with egg-contaminated environments or by consumption of contamina...

Alveolar echinococcosis (AE) is a zoonotic disease that is caused by Echinococcus multilocularis that affects liver and a variety of organs and tissues. It differs from other echinococcal disease because it shows tumor like behavior in the affected organ and tissues. The treatment of choice is concomitant medical therapy and resection with negative margins. Nevertheless, resection with the inte...

BACKGROUND Human echinococcosis is a neglected zoonosis caused by parasites of the genus Echinococcus. The most frequent clinical forms of echinococcosis, cystic echinococcosis (CE) and alveolar echinococcosis (AE), are responsible for a substantial health and economic burden, particularly to low-income societies. Quantitative epidemiology can provide important information to improve the unders...

The diagnosis of alveolar echinococcosis, caused by the larval stage of Echinococcus multilocularis, is often difficult and almost always possible only in the later stages of the disease. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the findings of Doppler ultrasonography images for the diagnosis of intraabdominal non-visceral alveolar echinococcosis in Meriones unguiculatus. Six infected animals were s...

CONTEXT Echinococcus multilocularis is the cause of alveolar hydatid disease, which most commonly involves the liver in more than 90% of cases. This disease is endemic in northern Iran. However, there are very few published cases from Iran. In this article, we will review all of the published cases of hepatic alveolar echinococcosis from Iran regarding all aspects, including clinical, paraclini...

BACKGROUND The diagnosis of canine echinococcosis can be a challenge in surveillance studies because there is no perfect gold standard that can be used routinely. However, unknown test specificities and sensitivities can be overcome using latent-class analysis with appropriate data. METHODOLOGY We utilised a set of faecal and purge samples used previously to explore the epidemiology of canine...

An epidemiological investigation on echinococcosis was made in Jiuzhi County of Qinghai Province, western China. Ultrasonography and an indirect hemagglutination test revealed a morbidity of 8.0% (124/1,549) and a seroprevalence of 25.8% (287/1,113), respectively, in the Tibetan population. The morbidity in herdsmen (16.6%) and Buddhist priests (15%) was significantly higher than that in other ...