Spatialized N budgets in a large agricultural Mediterranean watershed: high loading and low transfer L. Lassaletta, E. Romero, G. Billen, J. Garnier, H. Garcı́a-Gómez, and J. V. Rovira Environmental Pollution & Aquatic Ecosystem Research Group, Department of Ecology, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, c/ José Antonio Novais 28040 Madrid, Spain CNRS/UPMC, Sisyphe laboratory box 123, 4 place Jussi...

The usual procedures for ecological risk assessment (ERA) have been based for decades on simplified approaches in order to provide basic information on the huge amount of chemicals introduced into the environment. These approaches allowed the development of international regulatory tools capable of substantially reducing the adverse effects on ecosystems in developed countries. Nevertheless, th...

Exposure, as well as toxicity, determines whether rodenticides present real environmental hazards to nontarget animals. In order to combine exposure and toxicity, a compartment model is proposed which distinguishes transfer processes from accumulation of residues. The published literature relevant to the model is analysed, and some important gaps in knowledge are highlighted. Simple sub-models ...

The toxicity of Cu, Mn, Mo, Ni, V, As, Pb, Cr, Hg and Sn on the behaviour and survival of benthic worms Tubifex tubifex was studied. All tested metals were dissolved and determined in tap water under standardized conditions. The adverse effects of the metals were evaluated as acute toxicological effects upon exposure expressed as LC50 value with 95% confidence interval. On the basis of the LC50...

There was little public concern over potential nontarget effects of pesticides until the 1962 publication of Rachel Carson’s Silent Spring (Delaplane, 2000; Moore et al., 2009). Organochlorine insecticides (such as DDT) had been used intensively and were credited for many of the problems highlighted by Carson. Because of their accumulation in the environment and reproductive toxicity in people,...