The effect of mild alkaline hydrolysis on the immunological reactivity of Salmonella typhimurium lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was studied. Hydrolysis of LPS at 37 C in 0.01 to 0.25 n NaOH caused a decrease in precipitation of LPS by antiserum. Red cells sensitized with alkali-treated LPS were less responsive to hemagglutination by antiserum than were cells sensitized with heated LPS. Hemagglutinati...

hours 30 to 35 per cent of the growth produced in 24 hours by the red blood cell extract and thiamine. This confirms the observation of Berkman and Koser (J. Bact., 41, 38) that slow growth can be obtained in a gelatin hydrolyzate medium with thiamine diphosphate alone and indicates that the alkali-stable portion of the extract is stimulatory, not essential. Attempts to substitute for the alkal...

This study aims to evaluate the influence of microstructural properties on chloride diffusion resistance alkali-activated materials (AAMs) based blast furnace slag and/or fly ash, with variable activator doses (represented as Na 2 O%). Resistance penetration was tested using accelerated (NT BUILD 443) and migration 492) tests. Addition mortars mainly ash reduced porosity permeability. Chloride ...

The paper investigates the second-order interactions of parameters in an alkali-activated mixture production waste (PPW) and blast furnace slag (BFS) Taguchi method. PPW including lime mud (LM) sludge (PS). This provides experimental models to assess compressive flexural strength them at 7-day 28-day. results have shown that between activator exists each model, significant affect selection opti...

The demand for cement is increasing each year, but the manufacture of 1 tonne produces an equal number carbondioxide (CO2) gas which directly related to increase in global warming. Therefore, we need a substitute material, namely geopolymer. This material has relatively superior properties compared cement. However, one drawbacks geopolymers that production costs are more expensive pre-cast beca...

Reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) is a recyclable aggregate produced during the demolition of old flexible pavements and consists natural aggregates (NA) coated with aged bitumen. The detrimental effect caused by bitumen coating on strength porosity has limited use RAP traditional cementitious systems. This study investigates potential fine to substitute NA in production alkali-activated slag mo...

Geopolymers (GP) are a class of X-ray amorphous, nanoporous, nanoparticulate materials that can be mixed, poured, and cured under ambient conditions. Typically, geopolymers made using Group 1 (G1) alkali activator such as sodium or potassium metasilicate an aluminosilicate precursor. An analogous material to GPs is ordinary Portland cement because the similarities in processing, however, result...

the petrochemical industry is the most important and most widely active industries in the country. due to the variety and complexity of industrial products, it also produces a wild range of pollutants. mercury waste disposal from chlor-alkali units is one of the fundamental problems of this industry. various studies have shown that phytoremediation system for removal of mercury from aqueous sol...

It was shown previously that CsI sensitivity can be substantially reduced by intense UV irradiation. In the present study we measure the influence of negative and positive electric fields on the degradation of CsI photocathode sensitivity when it is subject to a large dose UV irradiation. The UV sensitivity of positively biased CsI photocathodes did not decay as fast as in case of negatively bi...