BACKGROUND In clinical trials, both unequal randomization design and sequential analyses have ethical and economic advantages. In the single-stage-design (SSD), however, if the sample size is not adjusted based on unequal randomization, the power of the trial will decrease, whereas with sequential analysis the power will always remain constant. Our aim was to compare sequential boundaries appro...

LLE Review, Volume 78 53 High laser-irradiation uniformity is an important requirement for successful direct-drive inertial confinement fusion (ICF). Direct-drive laser-irradiation uniformity is achieved on OMEGA for different ranges of spatial frequencies using smoothing by spectral dispersion (SSD), polarization smoothing with distributed polarization rotators (DPR’s), and multiple-beam overl...

PURPOSE The purpose of this study is to determine if body mass index (BMI) and stone skin distance (SSD) affect stone free rate (SFR) in obese and morbid obese patients who underwent flexible URS for proximal ureteral or renal stones < 20 mm. MATERIALS AND METHODS A retrospective chart review was performed of consecutive patients that underwent flexible URS. Inclusion criteria were: proximal ...

In digital forensics, the issue of data integrity protection for increasingly widespread applied SSD (Solid State Disk, SSD) is to be resolved. Based on Combinatorial Group Theory, mapping data objects in SSD validation process and test object in combination group testing methods, using the non-adaptive mode to the initial calculation, stored procedures, and re-calculate, verify process, and ca...

BACKGROUND Delirium increases the risk of mortality during an acute hospital admission. Full syndromal delirium (FSD) is associated with greatest risk and subsyndromal delirium (SSD) is associated with intermediate risk, compared to patients with no delirium - suggesting a dose-response relationship. It is not clear how individual diagnostic symptoms of delirium influence the association with m...

PURPOSE OF THE STUDY The aim of this study was to make a qualitative comparison of experiences of being in very old people with subsyndromal depression (SSD), in relation to the experiences of very old people with syndromal depression or nondepression. Through investigation and deeper understanding of the interface between depressive disease and normal aging, clinicians might give more accurate...

Sex differences in parental care are thought to arise from differential selection on the sexes. Sexual dimorphism, including sexual size dimorphism (SSD), is often used as a proxy for sexual selection on males. Some studies have found an association between male-biased SSD (i.e., males larger than females) and the loss of paternal care. While the relationship between sexual selection on males a...

While factors affecting body growth have been extensively studied, very little is known about the factors likely to affect the sexual size dimorphism (SSD) in polygynous mammals. Based on the carcass mass of 24420 male and female moose recorded in 14 Norwegian populations, we examine three hypotheses to explain geographical variation in SSD. First, SSD is expected to decrease when the relative ...

In this paper, we present a flash solid-state drive (SSD) optimization that provides hints of SSD internal behaviors, such as device I/O time and buffer activities, to the OS in order to mitigate the impact of I/O completion scheduling delays. The hints enable the OS to make reliable latency predictions of each I/O request so that the OS can make accurate scheduling decisions when to yield or b...

In this paper, we describe a design of a novel architecture for RAID that uses an SSD as a large cache to conserve energy. This approach stems from the fact that short term footprints are small enough to be efficiently managed within an SSD. More specifically, in this study, we consider two simple approaches to reduce the energy consumed in RAID. First, when a read happens in RAID, a copy of th...