Clostridium litorale is a Gram-positive, rod-shaped, and spore-forming bacterium, which is able to use amino acids such as glycine, sarcosine, proline, and betaine as single carbon and energy sources via Stickland reactions. The genome consists of a circular chromosome (3.41 Mb) and a circular plasmid (27 kb).

In this paper, we have investigated a printed modified circular disc monopole antenna with cross-shaped slot in radiating patch for UWB applications. The proposed antenna covers the entire UWB band (i.e., 3.1GHz to 10.6GHz) except the frequency band of IEEE 802.11a (i.e., from 5.15GHz to 5.83GHz). This UWB antenna will be of use in environments where IEEE 802.11a WLAN devices are already in ope...

A k-dimensional box is the cartesian product R1 ×R2 × · · · ×Rk where each Ri is a closed interval on the real line. The boxicity of a graph G, denoted as box(G), is the minimum integer k such that G can be represented as the intersection graph of a collection of k-dimensional boxes: that is two vertices are adjacent if and only if their corresponding boxes intersect. A circular arc graph is a ...

Theoretical Model To design a simple teardrop-shaped membrane, two circles with radii of 2 mm and 0.5 mm, were connected by tangent lines. The two circles were spaced as much as 5 mm apart, from center to center. The shape of the chamber underneath the teardrop-shaped membrane was also the same as that of the membrane. The thickness of the membrane and the height of the chamber were 20 μm and 2...

Introduction Kulldorff’s spatial scan statistic1 detects significant spatial clusters of disease by maximizing a likelihood ratio statistic over circular spatial regions. The fast localized subset scan2 enables scalable detection of proximity-constrained subsets and increases power to detect irregularly-shaped clusters, However, unconstrained subset scanning within each circular neighborhood2, ...

Irradiation with ultraviolet light was used to create two nonlinear RNA molecules. Circular potato spindle tuber viroid (PSTV) RNA was crosslinked at a single site to generate a figure eight-shaped molecule; 5S rRNA from HeLa cells was transformed into an alpha-shaped molecule with a small circular element and two arms (1). Crosslinked RNA's could be separated from their untreated counterparts ...

Earthworm specimens collected from Mt. Chiak, National Park, Korea were found to represent three new species of megascolecid earthworms: Amynthas chiakensis sp. nov., Amynthas gyeongriae sp. nov., and Amynthas wonjuensis sp. nov. Amynthas chiakensis sp. nov. has two pairs of spermathecae in VII and VIII, small transverse oval male porophores each with C-shaped small patches of genital papillae,...

Abstract—In this paper, a general design of an equal-split N-way power divider, similar to Bagley polygon power divider, but with an even number of output ports is proposed. A circular-shaped 4way divider is designed and simulated using two different full-wave simulators. Very good matching at the input port is achieved, and good transmission parameters are obtained. After that, the same circul...

One-pot, multi-molecular macrocyclization allows the highly selective preparation of pentagon-shaped circular aromatic pentamers mediated by an inward-pointing continuous hydrogen-bonding network.