In this paper, Plug-in Fuel Cell Electric Vehicle (PFCEV) is considered with dual power sources including Fuel Cell (FC) and battery Energy Storage. In order to respond to a transient power demand, usually supercapacitor energy storage device is combined with fuel cell to create a hybrid system with high energy density of fuel cell and the high power density of battery. In order to simulate the...

Advances in power electronics enable efficient and flexible interconnection of renewable sources, loads and electric grids. While targets concerning efficiency of power converters are within reach, recent research endeavors to predict and improve their reliability to ensure high availability, low maintenance costs, and therefore, low Levelized-Cost-of-Energy (LCOE) of renewable energy systems. ...

A 5-kW multilevel modular capacitor-clamped dc–dc converter (MMCCC) with bi-directional power management and real-time fault bypassing capability will be presented in this study. The modular structure of the MMCCC topology was utilised to build this 5-kW converter with necessary redundancy and hot swap feature for industrial and automotive applications including a future plug-in hybrid or fuel-...

In this work, a high-efficiency and broadband reflective converter using ultrathin planar metamaterial (MM) composed of single-layered SRR is firstly realized. Numerical and experimental results demonstrate that the cross-polarization conversion reflectance above 0.84 is achieved from 8.6 to 18.6 GHz for linearly polarized (LP) incident waves under normal incidence. Subsequently, a multi-layere...

This paper presents efficiency analysis of the power buffering in common voltage bus systems. Operation of the power buffering is briefly described with the power control experiments. The efficiency measurement setup and performed measurements from the charging and discharging events of the ultracapacitor module with the dc-dc converter are presented. As a result, the efficiency map of the dc-d...

A simplified dynamic model for fuel cells is developed, based on the concept of instantaneous characteristic, which is the set of values of current and voltage that a fuel cell can reach instantaneously. This is used to derive a theorem that indicates the conditions under which the power output of fuel cells can, in theory, be perfectly controlled. A fuel cell connected to a DC/DC converter is ...

In this paper, the dynamics of a DC-DC boost power converter under variable structure control is studied applying bifurcation analysis techniques. The switching hyperplane coefficients are considered as bifurcation parameters. The dynamic phenomena detected in this work suggest new types of sliding bifurcations. This analysis is relevant in the context of sliding mode control with auxiliary ada...

The advantages that silicon carbide (SiC) based power electronic devices offer are being realized by using prototype or experimental devices in many different power applications ranging from medium voltage to high voltage or for high temperature or high switching frequency applications. The main advantages of using SiC-based devices are reduced thermal management requirements and smaller passiv...

Polybrominated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PBDD/Fs) and polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) were characterized and quantified in stack gas from secondary ventilation systems from five different steelmaking plants. The concentrations of 2,3,7,8-substituted PBDD/Fs (2,3,7,8-PBDD/Fs) and PBDEs were 0.036–0.19 ng/Nm (0.32–4.33 pg toxic equivalency (TEQ)/Nm) and 3.11–40.0 ng/Nm, respecti...