Observing single electron pulses provides insight into the mechanism that leads to sudden high current jumps (breakdown) in aged wire chambers. This single electron activity is found to be consistent with the Fowler-Nordheim equation for field emission of electrons from a cathode surface in a high electric field. The high electric field arises from the positive ion buildup on a very thin insula...

Since being introduced in 1963, silicone resin emulsion paint (SREP) has developed into one of the most modern facade coating systems. While specific formulations and raw materials have changed in the last 42 years, the long-lasting performance properties resulting from the unique combination of water repellency, vapour permeability, low VOC and the silicon-resin based structure have remained c...

We describe recent observations and measurements with Micro-Strip Gas Chambers coated, after manufacturing, with a thin diamond-like layer in order to increase their rate capability. Compared to the more widely used solution consisting in coating the insulating support with a conductive layer before photo-lithography (the so-called undercoating), over-coating has the advantage of avoiding possi...

SUMITOMO KAGAKU 2008-I persistent organic pollutant (POP) together with dioxins and nine chlorine-based agricultural chemicals that have similar properties to PCBs, such as DDT and chlordane. Furthermore, in order to prevent pollution from spreading globally, an international convention concerning usage regulations and disposal of POPs (the Stockholm Convention: POPs Convention) was adopted in ...

2014 In the preparation of piezoelectric materials, it is generally necessary to apply to an insulating material a high poling electric field. During this operation various processes can take place which can strongly influence the performances of the obtained transducer. Until now experience and know how have been the leading factors for the determination of the poling parameters. This may chan...

The freezing of water can initiate at electrically conducting electrodes kept at a high electric potential or at charged electrically insulating surfaces. The microscopic mechanisms of these phenomena are unknown, but they must involve interactions between water molecules and electric fields. This paper investigates the effect of uniform electric fields on the homogeneous nucleation of ice in s...