The conventional methods used for specific sequences detection in nucleic acids based on DNA sequence polymerization (PCR) or DNA hybridization (FISH), present certain drawbacks such as the requirement of expensive equipment, time-consuming, laborious and in some case a low sensitivity. Therefore, biosensors are the most attractive alternative providing simple, reliable, fast and selective dete...

Since the early 70s electrochemistry has been used as a powerful analytical technique for monitoring electroactive species in living organisms. In particular, after extremely rapid evolution of new micro and nanotechnology it has been established as an invaluable technique ranging from experiments in vivo to measurement of exocytosis during communication between cells under in vitro conditions....

Measuring the dissolution dynamics of thin films in situ both with spatial and temporal resolution can be a challenging task. Available methods such as scanning electrochemical microscopy rely on scanning the specimen and are intrinsically slow. We developed a characterization technique employing only an optical microscope, a digital charge coupled device camera, and a computer for image proces...

Reduced graphene oxide (RGO) due to its excellent electrochemical properties and large surface area, has recently aroused much interest for electrochemical biosensing application. Here, the chemically active RGO has been synthesized and deposited onto an indium tin oxide (ITO) coated glass substrate by the electrophoretic deposition technique. This novel platform has been utilized for covalent ...

We present an electronic structural analysis of an individual single-walled carbon nanotube (SWNT) employing electrochemical surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS). An isolated SWNT was supported on a well-defined Au nanodimer structure, which possesses a localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) field at the nanogap, and highly intense SERS spectra were measured for the SWNT at the gap regi...

A portable vacuum interface allowing direct probing of the electrode-electrolyte interface was developed. A classical electrochemical system consisting of a gold working electrode, platinum counter electrode, platinum reference electrode, and potassium iodide electrolyte was used to demonstrate real-time observation of the gold iodide adlayer on the electrode and chemical species as a result of...

Imaging of DNA, keyhole limpet hemocyanin, mouse monoclonal IgG, and glucose oxidase on a mica substrate has been accomplished by scanning electrochemical microscopy with a tungsten tip. The technique requires the use of a high relative humidity to form a thin film of water on the mica surface that allows electrochemical reactions to take place at the tip and produce a faradaic current (approxi...

An attractive electrochemical sensor of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)/reduced graphene oxide electrode (PrGO) was developed for an electrochemical technique for uric acid (UA) detection in the presence of ascorbic acid (AA). PrGO composite film showed an improved electrocatalytic activity towards UA oxidation in pH 6.0 (0.1 M PBS). The PrGO composite exhibited a high current signal and low c...

A novel nanogap fabrication method using an electrochemical nanopatterning technique is presented. Electrochemical deposition of platinum ions reduces the microgap size to the sub-50-nm range due to the self-limited volume expansion of the electrodes. Additionally, the low crystallinity of platinum reduces the line edge roughness in the electrodes, whereas the high crystallinity of gold increas...

For the first time, we used the electrochemical shell-isolated nanoparticle-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (EC-SHINERS) technique to in situ characterize the adsorption behaviour of four DNA bases (adenine, guanine, thymine, and cytosine) on atomically flat Au(111) electrode surfaces. The spectroscopic results of the various molecules reveal similar features, such as the adsorption-induced reconst...