Electroless nickel is often plated on the surface of aluminum mirrors to improve the ability to polish the mirror surface. Electroless nickel plating can cause a bimetallic effect, creating distortion of a mirror surface if it is heated or cooled. Published data listing the thermal coefficient of expansion and Young’s modulus as a function of temperature for electroless nickel is not readily av...

Metallization of ABS (acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene) parts has been studied on flat part surfaces. These parts are fabricated on an FDM (fused deposition modeling machine) using the layer-wise deposition principle using ABS as a part material. Electroless copper deposition on ABS parts was performed using two different surface preparation processes, namely ABS parts prepared using chromic aci...