Optimum shielding of the radiation from particle accelerators requires knowledge of the attenuation characteristics of the shielding material. The most common material for shielding this radiation is concrete, which can be made using various materials of different densities as aggregates. These different concrete mixes can have very different attenuation characteristics. Information about the a...

leakage in water distribution networks causes waste of water and economical losses. in this paper a new method is presented to calculate nodal and pipes leakage in water distribution systems using capabilities of epanet2.10 software. the method estimate the total water losses in the system based on iwa methodology using minimum night flow (mnf) measurements. recognising the pressure dependency ...

A novel lipid formulation of Nystatin (NYT), Nystatin-Intralipid (NYT-IL), which was found to be more active and less toxic in vitro and in vivo, was developed in our laboratory. The aim of the present study was to explore the possible mechanisms underlying its biological activity. To assess mechanisms affecting fungal cells we conducted the following experiments: killing kinetics, scanning and...

to date, the effects of nanoparticles on woody plants remain unaddressed. this study reveals some of the physiological and biochemical effects of sio2 nanoparticles on wild pear seedlings. the seedlings were irrigated with different concentrations of nano silica (0, 10, 100, 500 and 1000 mg/l) for 14 days. nanoparticle adsorption and absorption, biomass allocation, gas exchange, relative water ...

background: endodontic leakage research focus mainly on the quality of the apical seal of the root canal system and the newly introduced resilon/epiphany system claim to be superior to gutta-percha in respect to obturation procedure. the aim of this study is to evaluate the root canal obturation completed by resilon/epiphany system. materials and methods: a total of 42 teeth were selected and w...

Aluminum oxide encapsulated high-permittivity (ε) BaTiO3 and ZrO2 core-shell nanoparticles having variable Al2O3 shell thicknesses were prepared via a layer-by-layer methylaluminoxane coating process. Subsequent chemisorptive activation of the single-site metallocene catalyst [rac-ethylenebisindenyl]zirconium dichloride (EBIZrCl2) on these Al2O3-encapsulated nanoparticles, followed by propylene...

Asbestos, as well as other natural and man-made mineral fibers used for in vitro and in vivo experiments, must be described and defined physically and chemically as exactly as possible before any application. The interactions of fibers with the physical, chemical (air, water, etc.) and biological (cells, tissues, etc.) environments cause important changes in fiber chemistry and crystalline stru...

The control of electronic and thermal transport through material interfaces is crucial for numerous micro and nanoelectronics applications and quantum devices. Here we report on the engineering of the electro-thermal properties of semiconductor-superconductor (Sm-S) electronic cooler junctions by a nanoscale insulating tunnel barrier introduced between the Sm and S electrodes. Unexpectedly, suc...

BACKGROUND/AIMS In the present study, we explored reactive axygen species (ROS) production in mitochondria, the mechanism of hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) hepatotoxicity, and the role of protection by GSH. METHODS Intact mitochondria were isolated from rat liver tissues and mitochondrial basal respiratory rates of NADH and FADH2 respiratory chains were determined. Mitochondria were treated wit...

A Bax-dependent increase of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and other reactive species (RS) occurs after withdrawing NGF from mouse sympathetic neurons in cell culture. Possible mechanisms underlying the increased ROS/RS are leakage of electrons from the mitochondrial electron transport chain secondary to caspase cleavage of respiratory complexes or leakage secondary to depletion of cytochrome c ...