Electron transport and recombination in three-dimensionally-ordered (3D-ordered) structure electrodes were investigated using intensity-modulated photocurrent and photovoltage spectroscopy. The surface-modified TiO2 inverse opal structure was applied as a 3D electrode. The morphology, crystalline structure and surface states of the 3D-ordered structure were characterized by SEM, TEM and XPS and...

Efficient absorption of visible light and a long-lived excited state lifetime of silver nanoclusters (Ag29 NCs) are integral properties for these new clusters to serve as light-harvesting materials. Upon optical excitation, electron injection at Ag29 NC/methyl viologen (MV(2+)) interfaces is very efficient and ultrafast. Interestingly, our femto- and nanosecond time-resolved results demonstrate...

Binding of a porphyrin carboxylate anion () to tetrathiafulvalene calix[4]pyrrole (TTF-C4P) results in electron transfer from TTF-C4P to Li(+)@C60 to produce the charge-separated state (1/TTF-C4P˙(+)/Li(+)@C60˙(-)) in benzonitrile. Upon photoexcitation of , photoinduced electron transfer from the triplet excited state of to TTF-C4P˙(+) occurs to produce the higher energy charge-separated state ...

AIM This study aimed to estimate the prevalence, incidence rate, and lifetime risk of developing atrial fibrillation (AF) in a population-based study of Swedish men. METHODS AND RESULTS The study is a part of 'The Study of Men Born in 1913', which is a longitudinal prospective cohort study of 855 men born in 1913 and living in the city of Gothenburg in Sweden. They were followed from the age ...

The different purposes present within a distributed information environment create the potential for repositories to enhance their metadata by capitalising on the diversity of metadata available for any given object. This paper presents three conceptual reference models required to achieve this optimisation of metadata workflow: the ecology of repositories, the object lifecycle model, and the m...

We find the scanning tunneling spectra of backgated graphene monolayers to be significantly altered by many-body excitations. Experimental features in the spectra arising from electron-plasmon interactions show carrier density dependence, distinguishing them from density-independent electron-phonon features. Using a straightforward model, we are able to calculate theoretical tunneling spectra t...

The generalized gradient correction method for positron-electron correlation effects in solids @B. Barbiellini et al., Phys. Rev. B 51, 7341 ~1995!# is applied in several test cases. The positron lifetime, energetics, and momentum distribution of the annihilating electron-positron pairs are considered. The comparison with experiments shows systematic improvement in the predictive power of the t...

Kerr rotation measurements on a single electron spin confined in a charge-tunable semiconductor quantum dot demonstrate a means to directly probe the spin off-resonance, thus minimally disturbing the system. Energy-resolved magneto-optical spectra reveal information about the optically oriented spin polarization and the transverse spin lifetime of the electron as a function of the charging of t...

Cadmium-incorporated Li2FeSiO4/C composites have been successfully synthesized by a solid-state reaction assisted with refluxing. The effect and mechanism of Cd-modification on the electrochemical performance of Li2FeSiO4/C were investigated in detail by X-ray powder diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, Raman spectra, transmission electron microscopy, pos...

The effect of photon flux on the yield and lifetime of charge separation over the extreme components of a D-Ir-A triad, where D is a triphenyl amine electron donor, A is a naphthalene bis(imide) electron acceptor and Ir is an Ir(III) bis(terpyridine) complex, has been investigated. In usual laboratory conditions, with nanosecond and picosecond laser pulses in the 4-8 mJ range, biphotonic proces...