Detailed finite element modeling of the human body offers a potential major enhancement to the prediction of injury risk during vehicle impacts. Currently, vehicle crash safety countermeasure development is based on a combination of testing with established anthropomorphic test devices (i.e., ATD or dummy) and a mixture of multi­ body (dummy) and finite element (vehicle) modeling. If a relative...

Dynamic crack propagation assessment in functionally graded materials (FGMs) with micro-cracks is accomplished using bond-based Peridynamics (PD). The dynamic fracture behaviour of various FGMs’ material models studied Kalthoff–Winkler experiment. growth predictions and associated damage the specimen under loading conditions are considered. effect near macro-crack tips on toughening mechanism e...

In this paper, non-linear dynamics analysis of functionally graded material (FGM) shell structures is investigated using the higher order solid-shell element based on the Enhanced Assumed Strain (EAS). With this element, a quadratic distribution of the shear stress through the thickness is considered in an enhancing part. Material properties of the shell structure are varied continuously in the...

With the construction of expressways in eastern Henan, silt has been widely used as a filling material. However, this area is lacking clay, content active oxides soil low, and particles are bonded together. The property poor, erosion resistance not strong, direct roadbed prone to engineering problems. Due obvious regionality paper firstly analyzes basic physical properties Henan using compactio...

In this paper we introduce a definition of gradation of continuity ingraded fuzzy topological spaces and study its various characteristic properties.The impact of the grade of continuity of mappings over the N-compactnessgrade is examined. Concept of gradation is also introduced in openness, closed-ness, homeomorphic properties of mappings and T2 separation axiom. Effectof the grades interrelat...

regarding the role and importance of subsurface drainage in water table control, many studies have been made throughout the world to find out new techniques and more economical solutions, especially as related to different pipe envelope material and their installations. this research was conducted to investigate the use of rice husk, as drain envelope material, in drainage installations. in add...

a series of tests and also numerical analyses were conducted to explore the mechanical behavior of a mixture of coarse gravelsize particles floating in a matrix of silt, sand or clay. the research is a step forward in an ongoing investigation on behavior of composite clay, which is used as the core material of some large embankment dams all over the world. after providing the reader with an ove...

Drawbeads are applied in the deep drawing process to improve the control of the material flow during the forming operation. These drawbeads can be replaced by an equivalent drawbead in simulations of the deep drawing process. In this paper the implementation of an equivalent drawbead model in a finite element code is described. This equivalent drawbead takes not only the drawbead restraining fo...