The geometric constraint enforcement using Lagrange Multipliers is one of the popular methods to control the behavior and trajectories of dynamically simulated entities. Therefore, effective and efficient enforcement and proper integration of the geometric constraints is the key to a successful constraint management. This paper describes the formulation and integration of geometric constraints ...

This study applied a multidimensional item response model to measure police officers’ ability on conducting red-light running enforcement. The ability to conduct red-light running enforcement was found to consist of five component constructs, including ability on mental demands (AMD), on stopping and chasing vehicle (ASC), on psychological demands (APD), on physical demands (APHD), and under ab...

<p class="Akapitzlist1">The amendment to the Act on Road Traffic Law introduced a new legal institution related failure register vehicle consisting of an administrative fine in amount PLN 200 1,000. The penalty is imposed by means decision issued competent starost. With introduction above-mentioned circulation, problems will arise connection with conducting proceedings impose penalty, as ...

In this paper, we consider optimal tax enforcement policy in the presence of pro…t shifting towards tax havens. We show that, under separate accounting, tax enforcement levels may be too high due to negative …scal externalities. In contrast, under formula apportionment, tax enforcement is likely to be too low due to positive externalities of tax enforcement. Our results challenge recent contrib...

Runtime enforcement is a powerful technique to ensure that a program will respect a given security policy. We extend previous works on this topic in several directions. Firstly, we propose a generic notion of enforcement monitors based on a memory device and finite sets of control states and enforcement operations. Moreover, we specify their enforcement abilities w.r.t. the general safety-progr...

I use the first-time enforcement of insider trading laws in sixteen countries as a shock to enforcement and examine its influence on timely loss recognition (TLR). Consistent with greater enforcement increasing the usefulness of accounting information in contracts and thereby the demand for higher quality reporting, insider trading enforcement is associated with a significant increase in TLR. N...

BACKGROUND Persons subject to domestic violence restraining orders (DVROs), known as respondents, are generally prohibited from possessing firearms. Efforts to enforce that prohibition have not been evaluated. The study objective was to determine whether associations exist between risk of incident arrest among DVRO respondents and 1) respondents' access to firearms, and 2) law enforcement recov...

To cope with a growing number of applications, the basic formalism of constraint satisfaction problems has to be augmented in various directions. One of these directions is the concept of dynamic constraint problems i.e. problems to which constraints can be added but also retracted at any time. To handle dynamic problems, it is important to adapt eeciently the solving procedures that are availa...

Djankov et al. (2003) introduce a measure of the quality of contract enforcement -the formalism of civil procedure -for 109 countries as of 2000. For 40 of these countries, we compute procedural formalism every year since 1950. We find that large differences in procedural formalism between common and civil law countries existed in 1950 and widened by 2000. For this area of law, the findings are...

Incentive payments are a theoretically appealing complement to nursing home quality assurance systems that rely on regulatory enforcement. However, the practical aspects of incentive program design are not yet well understood. After reviewing the rationale for incentive approaches and recent State and Federal initiatives, the article considers a basic program design issue: creating an index of ...