abstract background: in vivo measurements of applied dose during radiotherapy treatment, is important to ensure accurate dose delivery to patients. uncertainty in dose delivery should fall within ±5% of the prescribed dose as recommended by icru. assessment of dose for radiotherapy applications performed with various types of detectors. in this study, semiconductor diodes were used which have s...

Combinatorial chemistry has risen to prominence as the pharmaceutical development strategy of choice in less than twenty years. In that time the combinatorial library has emerged as a central artifact. Libraries grew from random collections of a hundred molecules into immense arrays of hundreds of thousands of molecules. The definition of a “good” library has changed, from a large, maximally di...

The rat flea is the intermediate host of the parasites of bubonic plague. Fleas are regarded as free parasites as they remain on the host generally during the time they feed. The flea passes through the egg, larval, pupal and adult stages and the whole life cycle covers roughly three weeks. The eggs are deposited in places where the host rests. For egg-laying, the female usually selects dark an...