Overall participation in the Employment Guarantee Scheme (EGS) in Maharashtra (an Indian state) fell sharply over the period 1980-97. Some of this reduction was due to expansion of irrigation facilities leading to expansion of farm employment. Alongside, expansion of non-farm employment led to a further reduction in the demand for the EGS. Although there was a slight rise in participation in su...

It is now widely recognised that wetlands provide many important goods and services to human societies. Examples include drinking water, flood mitigation, water quality control, fish products and recreational and residential opportunities. The non-use values that society attributes to wetland species and ecosystems can also be significant (Turner et al., 1998a). Wetland ecosystems are, however,...

the main purpose of this paper is to examine the convergence of price-levels of tradable goods in comparison to that of services (non-tradable) under the free trade among iranian provinces over 2007- 2012. this comparison has been achieved by applying the pair-wise approach which has been recently developed by pesaran (2005). in this approach, the time series models (adf, df-gls and kpss unit r...

Abstract Background The provision of emergency surgery was significantly impacted during the COVID-19 pandemic. This due to limited intensive care beds and risk catching in post-operative period. aim this study determine whether outcomes for patients with Boerhaave syndrome were negatively affected by service constraints Methods Single centre case control before COVID Univariate multivariate an...

In many applications, information is best represented as graphs. In a dynamic world, information changes and so the graphs representing the information evolve with time. We propose that historical graph-structured data be maintained for analytical processing. We call a historical evolving graph sequence an EGS. We observe that in many applications, graphs of an EGS are large and numerous, and t...