[ Aristotle, the great Greek philosopher, stated back around 350 CE that í ú о ú , hich means that without the basics it is impossible to live and ive well. My own belief, as a toxicologist with more than 30 years f experience in the field, is that the science of toxicology and its ffect on people and the environment is truly such a basic discipline, oth for our existence, as well as for our we...

This Report was supported by the Military Waste Cleanup Program under a grant from the Environmental Protection Agency, supporting research on the role of scientific and technical expertise, communication, and networking in providing better information to communities affected by hazardous waste cleanup activities at federal facilities.

Throughout our lives, epigenetic processes shape our development and enable us to adapt to a constantly changing environment. Identifying and understanding environmentally induced epigenetic change(s) that may lead to adverse outcomes is vital for protecting public health. This review, therefore, examines the present understanding of epigenetic mechanisms involved in the mammalian life cycle, e...

E very chemist, material scientist, physicist, engineer, and commercial enterprise involved in the synthesis and/or production of engineered nanomaterials (ENM) or nanoenabled products aspires to develop safe materials. Nanotechnology environmental health and safety (nanoEHS) is a research discipline that involves the study of the possible adverse health and biological effects that nanomaterial...

Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand; Laboratory of Biotechnology, Chulabhorn Research Institute, Bangkok, Thailand; Program in Applied Biological Science: Environmental Health, Chulabhorn Graduate Institute, Bangkok, Thailand; Center of Excellence on Environmental Health, Toxicology and Management of Chemicals, Bangkok, Thailand; Center for Eme...

The NTP is evaluating several lines of genetically altered mice for possible use in identifying and assessing carcinogens. The NIEHS/NTP programs and progress in this area were recently reviewed by the NTP Board of Scientific Counselors (BSC). A number of comments and concerns were raised. This commentary summarizes and responds to the BSC review and offers some thoughts on future directions fo...

The sequencing of the human genome has revolutionized biology and led to an astounding variety of technologies and bioinformatics tools, enabling researchers to study expression of genes, the function of proteins, metabolism, and genetic differences within populations and between individuals. These scientific advances are making an impact in the medical research community and hold great promise...

A public workshop, organized by a Steering Committee of scientists from government, industry, universities and research organizations, was held at the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS) in September, 2010. The workshop explored the dose-response implications of toxicant modes of action (MOA) mediated by nuclear receptors. The dominant paradigm in human health risk asses...

Smaller is not always better: nanotechnology yields nanotoxicology Howard M. Kipen1 and Debra L. Laskin2 1Clinical Research and Occupational Medicine Division, Department of Environmental & Occupational Medicine, and Environmental & Occupational Health Sciences Institute, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey-Robert Wood Johnson Medical School; and 2Department of Pharmacology and T...

OBJECTIVES According to the 2007 National Research Council report Toxicology for the Twenty-First Century, modern methods (e.g., "omics," in vitro assays, high-throughput testing, computational methods) will lead to the emergence of a new approach to toxicology. The Salmonella mammalian microsome mutagenicity assay has been central to the field of genetic toxicology since the 1970s. Here we doc...