Purpose: Beyond enumeration, circulating tumor cells (CTCs) can provide genetic information from metastatic cancer that may facilitate a greater understanding of tumor biology and enable a precision medicine approach.Experimental Design: CTCs and paired leukocytes from men with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) were isolated from blood through red cell lysis, CD45 depletio...

Abstract Purpose Androgen receptor (AR) expression occurs in up to 86% of human epidermal growth factor 2-positive (HER2+) breast cancers. In vitro , AR inhibitors enhance antitumor activity trastuzumab, an anti-HER2 antibody, trastuzumab-resistant HER2+ cell lines. This open-label, single-arm, phase II study evaluated the efficacy and safety enzalutamide, AR-signaling inhibitor, patients with ...

Development of drug resistance is an inevitable phenomenon in castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) cells requiring novel therapeutic approaches. In this study, efficacy and toxicity of Rhizochalinin (Rhiz) - a novel sphingolipid-like marine compound - was evaluated in prostate cancer models, resistant to currently approved standard therapies. In vitro activity and mechanism of action of ...

BACKGROUND Having performed analytical validation studies, we are now assessing the clinical utility of the upgraded automated Bone Scan Index (BSI) in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). In the present study, we retrospectively evaluated the discriminatory strength of the automated BSI in predicting overall survival (OS) in mCRPC patients being treated with enzalutamide. ...

PURPOSE The PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway is activated in most castration-resistant prostate cancers (CRPC). Transcriptionally active androgen receptor (AR) plays a role in the majority of CRPCs. Therefore, cotargeting full-length (FL) AR and PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling has been proposed as a possible, more effective therapeutic approach for CRPC. However, truncated AR-splice variants (AR-V) that are const...

Persistent androgen receptor (AR) transcriptional activity underlies resistance to AR-targeted therapy and progression to lethal castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). Recent success in retargeting persistent AR activity with next generation androgen/AR axis inhibitors such as enzalutamide (MDV3100) has validated AR as a master regulator during all stages of disease progression. However, ...

Agents that have shown improvements in survival in mCRPC now include abiraterone, enzalutamide, docetaxel, cabazitaxel and radium-223. Bone supportive agents and palliative radiation continue to play an important role in the overall management of mCRPC. Given the complexity, variety and importance of optimizing the use of these agents, a multidisciplinary team approach is highly recommended.