Abstract Aim of the study was to assess suitability combined use microwave radiation and sodium cumene sulfonate under optimized process conditions for preparation maize stillage biomass as a raw material production cellulosic ethanol. The key parameter guaranteeing high level lignin removal from (ca. 44%) concentration hydrotrope. Even at (16% w/v) cellulase enzyme dose about 4 filter-paper un...

Abstract Egyptian Chorisia hollow fibers have been blended with cotton waste, polyester and raw bamboo at various ratios weft counts using open-end spinning. The fabrics of hybrid composites were subjected to atmospheric plasma, pectinase, lipase enzyme treatments, as well the substitution all hazardous chemicals, sustainable alternatives traditional alkaline scouring. impacts treatments on hol...

BACKGROUND Variations in sugar yield due to genotypic qualities of feedstock are largely undescribed for pilot-scale ethanol processing. Our objectives were to compare glucose and xylose yield (conversion and total sugar yield) from straw of five winter wheat cultivars at three enzyme loadings (2.5, 5 and 10 FPU g-1 dm pretreated straw) and to compare particle size distribution of cultivars aft...

The time course of thioredoxin-mediated reductive activation of isolated Zea mays nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphatemalate dehydrogenase is highly sigmoidal in nature. We examined the factors affecting these kinetics, including the thiol-disulfide status of unactivated and activated forms of the enzyme. The maximum steady rate of activation was increased, and the length of the lag in a...

The levels of extracellular phospholipase A(2) (sPLA(2)) and TNFalpha, and cell accumulation were measured in the pleural washings obtained at different times following the induction of Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide (LPS, 100 mug/cavity) pleurisy in rats. TNFalpha peaked at 2 hours (3036 +/- 160.3 units/ml) and decreased thereafter. Conversely, levels of sPLA(2) peaked at 48 hours (1.97 +...

BACKGROUND One route for producing cellulosic biofuels is by the fermentation of lignocellulose-derived sugars generated from a pretreatment that can be effectively coupled with an enzymatic hydrolysis of the plant cell wall. While woody biomass exhibits a number of positive agronomic and logistical attributes, these feedstocks are significantly more recalcitrant to chemical pretreatments than ...

BACKGROUND Woody biomass is highly recalcitrant to enzymatic sugar release and often requires significant size reduction and severe pretreatments to achieve economically viable sugar yields in biological production of sustainable fuels and chemicals. However, because mechanical size reduction of woody biomass can consume significant amounts of energy, it is desirable to minimize size reduction ...

BACKGROUND Irpex lacteus, a versatile lignin-degrading fungus with various extracellular enzymes, has been widely used for biological pretreatment. However, most studies have focused on the change of substrate structure after biological pretreatment, and the effect of these changes on the enzymatic hydrolysis, but the effect of byproducts from biological pretreatment process on subsequent enzym...

Delignification pretreatment with alkali under various conditions (25–160 °C for 1–12 h) or sodium chlorite at 75 4 h was applied to improve the enzymatic digestibility of sugarcane bagasse by removing hemicellulose and lignin. Compared elimination hemicellulose, delignification contributed more in achieving a higher glucose yield. In addition, characterization untreated pretreated conducted de...

Pretreatment of miscanthus is essential for efficient enzymatic production of cellulosic ethanol. This study reports a possible pretreatment method for miscanthus using aqueous ethylenediamine (EDA) for 30 min at 180 °C with or without ammonia. The mass ratio of miscanthus to EDA was varied from 1:3, 1:1, and 1:0.5, keeping the mass ratio of miscanthus to liquid (EDA + Water) constant at 1:8. T...