The roof plate is a specialized embryonic midline tissue of the central nervous system that functions as a signaling center regulating dorsal neural patterning. In the developing hindbrain, roof plate cells express Gdf7 and previous genetic fate mapping studies showed that these cells contribute mostly to non-neural choroid plexus epithelium. We demonstrate here that constitutive activation of ...

CPCs are a relatively common finding during the second trimester sonography. when a choroid plexus cyst is identified, the presence of structural malformation and other sonographic markers of aneuploidy should be assessed with a detailed fetal anatomic survey performed by an experienced person. if no other sonographic abnormalities are present, the CPC is considered isolated. given the consider...

BACKGROUND It has been hypothesized in the literature that exposure to extremely low frequency electromagnetic fields (50 or 60 Hz) may lead to human health effects such as childhood leukemia or brain tumors. In a previous study investigating multiple types of cells from brain and kidney of the mouse (Acta Neuropathologica 2004; 107: 257-264), we found increased unrepaired nuclear DNA single st...

Brain plasticity is often restricted to critical periods in early life. Here, we show that a key regulator of this process in the visual cortex, Otx2 homeoprotein, is synthesized and secreted globally from the choroid plexus. Consequently, Otx2 is maintained in selected GABA cells unexpectedly throughout the mature forebrain. Genetic disruption of choroid-expressed Otx2 impacts these distant ci...

In Microtus montanus infected with T. b. gambiense, electron microscopic examination of lymph nodes, spleen, liver, heart, choroid plexus and brain demonstrated extravascular populations of trypanosomes distributed throughout interstitial spaces, accompanied by a moderate cellular infiltration of plasma cells. The trypanosomes exhibited numerous profiles; some were dividing, others were in diff...

PURPOSE To assess the size of the choroid plexus in young children with unilateral and bilateral Sturge-Weber syndrome. METHODS Subjects included 15 children 4 years old or younger with Sturge-Weber syndrome. Eleven cases were unilateral and four were bilateral. Unilateral or bilateral involvement was determined by the distribution of abnormal leptomeningeal enhancement on MR images. The diam...

Background: Choroid plexus carcinoma is a highly aggressive malignant, infrequent tumor with poor prognosis. About 80% of choroid plexus carcinoma occurs in children, but it is uncommon in adults. Because of the rarity of the choroid plexus carcinoma, there is no established treatment protocol for this malignancy. Case Description: A 21-year-old man with past medical history of asthma presented...

In 34 consecutive infants admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit with birth weight of less than 1,500 g, 80 cranial real-time sonograms were obtained to determine the incidence of choroid plexus hemorrhage. Choroid plexus hemorrhage was diagnosed only in the absence of germinal matrix hemorrhage. Diagnostic criteria included choroid plexus nodularity, enlargement (greater than 12 mm in an...

A novel serotonergic binding site, the 5-HT1C site, has been characterized recently in choroid plexus and several brain regions. The biochemical and physiological roles of this site have not been previously described. In this report we show that serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT) stimulates phosphatidylinositol turnover in rat choroid plexus. The pharmacology of serotonin-stimulated phosphat...