Given a set P of points in the plane, a set of points Q is a weak ε-net with respect to a family of sets S (e.g., rectangles, disks, or convex sets) if every set of S containing ε|P | points contains a point of Q. In this paper, we determine bounds on εi , the Preprint submitted to Elsevier Science 10 February 2008 smallest epsilon that can be guaranteed for any P when |Q| = i, for small values...

Let $\Sigma$ be a finite type surface, and $G$ complex algebraic simple Lie group with algebra $\mathfrak{g}$. The quantum moduli of $(\Sigma,G)$ is quantization the ring functions $X_G(\Sigma)$, variety $G$-characters $\pi_1(\Sigma)$, introduced by Alekseev-Grosse-Schomerus Buffenoir-Roche in mid '90s. It can realized as invariant subalgebra so-called graph algebras, which are $U_q(\mathfrak{g...

During the 1971 epidemic of Venezuelan equine encephalomyelitis (VEE) in south Texas, 203 suspect VEE cases were evaluated by the Center for Disease Control. Sixty-seven were confirmed as cases of VEE. Laboratory confirmation was accomplished by isolation of VEE virus from a serum specimen taken during the acute illness in 50 (75%) of the confirmed cases. Serological confirmation was obtained i...

*Correspondence: [email protected] School of Mathematics Science, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, Shandong 252059, China Abstract In order to generalize the notions of a (∈,∈ ∨q)-fuzzy subring and various (∈,∈ ∨q)-fuzzy ideals of a ring, a (λ,μ)-fuzzy subring and a (λ,μ)-fuzzy ideal of a ring are defined. The concepts of (λ,μ)-fuzzy semiprime, prime, semiprimary and primary ideals are introdu...

Cross-protection between Venezuelan, Eastern, and Western equine encephalomyelitis (VEE, EEE, WEE) viruses was studied in the hamster by using challenge responses and neutralizing antibody titers as indexes of protection. Formalin-inactivated vaccines induced only homologous protection regardless of the sequence of vaccination or the combination of vaccines employed. Use of attenuated VEE vacci...

Experimental studies were undertaken to ascertain the vector potential of North American (Houston and Alsace) and South American (Sao Paulo and Santa Teresa) strains of Aedes albopictus (Skuse) for an epizootic (Trinidad donkey) strain of Venezuelan equine encephalomyelitis (VEE) virus. Infection rates were similar in all four strains of Ae. albopictus tested after ingestion of VEE virus from a...

A grid of bars towed through a sample of He II produces both superfluid turbulence and classical hydrodynamic turbulence. The two velocity fields-in the normal fluid and in the superfluid-have been observed to have the same energy spectral density over a large range of scales. Here, we introduce a characteristic scale l(q)=2 pi(epsilon/kappa(3))(-1/4), where epsilon is the rate of turbulent ene...

In this paper, using the idea of quasi-coincidence of a fuzzy point with a fuzzy set, the concept of (∈,∈ ∨q)fuzzy interior ideals in a Γ-semigroup has been introduced and some of their important related properties have been investigated. Characterizations of regular Γsemigroups, intra-regular Γ-semigroups, and semisimple Γ-semigroups in terms of (∈,∈ ∨q)-fuzzy interior ideals have also been ob...

Our aim in this paper is to introduce and study a new sort of fuzzy sublattice (ideal, filter) of a lattice called ) q , ( ∨ ∈ ∈ -fuzzy sublattice (ideal, filter). These fuzzy sublattices (ideals, filters) are characterized by their level sublattices (ideals, filters). Finally, we give a generalization of ) q , ( ∨ ∈ ∈ -fuzzy sublattices (ideals, filters).

Venezuelan equine encephalitis (VEE) epidemics and equine epizootics occurred periodically in the Americas from the 1920s until the early 1970s, when the causative viruses, subtypes IAB and IC, were postulated to have become extinct. Recent outbreaks in Columbia and Venezuela have renewed interest in the source of epidemic/epizootic viruses and their mechanism of interepizootic maintenance. We ...