Despite significant improvement in surgical techniques of radical prostatectomy (RP) since the nerve-sparing approach was introduced in 1982 (1), erectile dysfunction (ED) post RP remains a challenge for patients and urologists (2). Although most patients experience some degree of ED post RP, erectile function recovery rates vary according to age, baseline erectile function, comorbidities, and ...

The paraventricular nucleus (PVN) of the hypothalamus, which is considered to be a centre for autonomic regulation, has been shown to exhibit physiological and functional sex differences. It is involved in numerous functions, from stress to the appetite, body energy balance, blood pressure, heart rate and sexual activity, including penile erection [1], and is characterised by a very complex arc...

Erectile dysfunction (ED) is a common disease in male outpatient service, the penis hardness testing of ED in the clinical diagnosis has important significance, past some detection methods, such as nocturnal penile tumescence monitoring (NPT) due to time-consuming is not easy in outpatient service and a vasodilator agent intervention tests such as color Doppler detection due to the injection of...

The traditional theories believe that vacuum constriction devices (VCD) is the mechanism through a suction chamber promoting penile blood engorgement and maintaining tumescence with a constriction band. For that mechanical nature of the device, many authors and patients consider the devices are passive engorgement, lack of spontaneous erections, and only rely on the constriction bands to preven...

1. Adenosine inhibited the noradrenaline-induced contraction of rabbit corpus cavernosum in a dose-dependent manner. The effect of adenosine was greater in intact corpus cavernosa than in endothelium-denuded preparations. This finding indicates that the relaxing effect of adenosine is partially endothelium-dependent and involved in the release of endothelium-derived relaxing factors. 2. Adenosi...

priapism is a prolonged and usually painful erection which is not associated withthe sexual desire. ït is an uncommon urologic emergency with variety ofknown etiologies such as the use of psychotropic medications. priapism underconcurrent treatment with chlorpromazine and risperidone has notbeen reported so far. herein, a psychotic patient whodeveloped priapism during chlorpromazine and risperi...

The steel-framed building derives most of its competitive advantage from the virtues of prefabricated components, which can be assembled speedily at site. Unlike concreting, which is usually a wet process conducted at site, steel is produced and subsequently fabricated within a controlled environment. This ensures high quality, manufacture offsite with improved precision and enhanced speed of c...

INTRODUCTION Transdermal and intralesional verapamil has been reported to be useful in the treatment of Peyronie's Disease. This study evaluates a topically applied calcium channel blocker (verapamil hydrochloride 15% gel), a topically applied calmodulin blocker (trifluoperazine), and a topically applied weak calcium channel blocker (magnesium sulfate), each incorporated in a transdermal vehicl...

Intracavernous administration of papaverine is now commonly employed for diagnosis and therapy of impotence. To assess the pharmacokinetics of papaverine, we recorded its concentration in peripheral blood and also in cavernous blood after intravenous and intracavernous injection of 40 mg of papaverine. Peripheral blood was sampled serially after injection. Plasma was immediately extracted and t...