BACKGROUND Once-in-a-lifetime screening for Barrett esophagus has been proposed for patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), but there is little evidence of its cost-effectiveness. OBJECTIVE 1) To determine the cost-effectiveness of screening high-risk groups for Barrett esophagus and providing surveillance to patients with Barrett esophagus and dysplasia or to all patients with ...

The anatomy of the esophagus was previously studied in most mammals. The esophagus was composed of three parts in the cat as typical anatomical animals: cervical, thoracic, and abdominal [1-3]. While in canine the esophagus was consisted of the upper esophageal sphincter, the tubular esophagus, and the lower esophageal sphincter [4]. In canine the first part of esophagus lies dorsal to the trac...

testicular cancer is one of the commonest cancers in men of working age, and is increasing in incidence in europe and north america. one suggested mechanism of causation is that there is impaired differentiation of germ cells in the pre- or perinatal period, followed by malignant transformation in later life, possibly by a hormonal mechanism. endocrine disrupting chemicals (edcs) have been a ma...

Dysphagia is considered a warning symptom that requires exclusion of significant pathology such as oesophageal cancer, especially in elderly patients. Benign neoplasms of the oesophagus are rare. We report the case of a 69-year-old lady who presented with a five years history of infrequent intermittent dysphagia that had rapidly progressed over one month. This was associated with globus sensati...

For patients with locally advanced esophageal cancer no clear standard of care exists. Notwithstanding several negative phase III studies the data provide support for so-called trimodality treatment and this is probably the most common approach. Even the role of surgery has been questioned. These alternative approaches are set against a changing epidemiological background whereby adenocarcinoma...

The sign of Leser-Trélat is a rare paraneoplastic phenomenon marked by accelerated onset of multiple seborrheic keratoses. The occurrence of the sign often points towards underlying visceral malignancies which in a majority are adenocarcinomas of the gastrointestinal tract. We report this case of a 65-year-old man who presented with sign of Leser-Trélat and was diagnosed with poorly differentia...

Heterotopic gastric mucosa (HGM) of the esophagus is a congenital anomaly consisting of ectopic gastric mucosa. It may be connected with disorders of the upper gastrointestinal tract, exacerbated by Helicobacter pylori. The diagnosis of HGM is confirmed via endoscopy with biopsy. Histopathology provides the definitive diagnosis by demonstrating gastric mucosa adjacent to normal esophageal mucos...

Chronic diarrhea is a symptom which persists for ≥ 4 weeks as of disease. often becomes the patient’s cause to be referred gastroenterology. In general, prevalence chronic approximated 5% in each populations, but there are obstacles diagnosing diarrhea, due many differential diagnoses diarrhea. The could neoplasm and non-neoplasm. several studies, through results colonoscopy histopathology, it ...

BACKGROUND: Most prevalent esophageal neoplasm is squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma. Other tumors are uncommon and poorly studied. Primary neuroendocrine esophageal neoplasm is a rare carcinoma and most of its therapy management is based on lung neuroendocrine studies. Neuroendocrine tumors can be clustered in the following subtypes: high grade (small cell carcinoma or large cell carc...