in the past, disease diagnosis was based on symptoms that might be indicative of several diseases. nowadays, diagnosis of some diseases has become more accurate because we are able to test for genes known to be associated with the disease. this method not only clearly identifies the presence of a particular disease; it can also precisely determine the subtype of the disease. throughout history,...

Terrestrial LiDAR plays an essential role in the acquisition of complete three-dimensional data for urban modeling. Especially the growing demand for detailed façade models drives the developments in acquisition and processing of terrestrial data. This paper reviews the past efforts in terrestrial data acquisition, which were mainly image based methods and gives a overview of the current state-...

Abstract. We perform a Why-Because Analysis (WBA) starting from the information in the Executive Summary of the U.S. DoD Aircraft Accident Investigation Board report on the shootdown of two U.S. Army Black Hawk transport helicopters by U.S.A.F. F-15 fighter aircraft over Northern Iraq on 14 April 1994, during Operation Provide Comfort. We compare with the effort of Snook to perform a similar an...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Significant research has evaluated the impacts of smoking, the impacts of exposure to secondhand smoke, the effectiveness of a variety of social and individual interventions for smoking cessation, and the frequency at which physicians discuss smoking cessation with their patients. Little research has addressed barriers to physician-initiated discussion and interventio...

The characterization of a local renin-angiotensin system in the pancreas has attracted much attention because of its potential clinical applications. A pancreatic renin-angiotensin system may be present in humans and may interact with islet cells. Nevertheless, our knowledge of the renin-angiotensin system in the human pancreas is still in its infancy, especially in the field of endocrine oncol...

The axiom that prevention is better than cure is especially true for a serious disease such as cancer for which therapy is expensive and seldom fully effective. However, it is only for some cancers that the major determinants are known and for which primary prevention programs are likely to result in substantial reduction in incidence. Past efforts at primary prevention have not been very succe...

The field of computational cell biology has emerged within the past 5 years because of the need to apply disciplined computational approaches to build and test complex hypotheses on the interacting structural, physical, and chemical features that underlie intracellular processes. To meet this need, newly developed software tools allow cell biologists and biophysicists to build models and genera...