The trend in technology is such that small lightweight lowcomplexity devices, like PDAs, cell-phones, . . .,will become one of the more predominant computing platforms. Consequently, these devices will play an increasing role in e-commerce and mcommerce transactions. In the past, the role of the merchant has been played by workstations/servers, but due to advancements in wireless communications...

In many real world problems, data sometimes comes from n agents (n≥2), multipolar information exists. For issues that are associated with uncertainty, this information can not be showed with the values of crisp, fuzzy, intuitionistic or bipolar. Graph is one of the mathematical models widely used in different sciences. Ambiguity in a graph where data depends on the n parameter can not be showed...

In December of 1998, there was published a seminal work using precise measurements of supernovae magnitudes and leading to the conclusion of an apparent accelerated expansion of observed part of Universe. But when we approach the processing of these precise data from a classical ethereal position, without relativistic adjustments, we get another picture, and we believe it is the correct one. It...

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Let G = (V, E) be a graph without isolated vertices. A secure edge dominating set of G is an edge dominating set F⊆E with the property that for each e ∈ E – F, there exists f∈F adjacent to e such that (F – {f}) ∪ {e} is an edge dominating set. The secure edge domination number γ's(G) of G is the minimum cardinality of a secure edge dominating set of G. In this paper, we initiate a study of the ...

Eternal inflation is a term that describes a number of different phenomena which have been classified by Winitzki. According to Winitzki’s classification these phases can be characterized by the topology of the percolating structures in the inflating, “white,” region. In this paper we discuss these phases, the transitions between them, and the way they are seen by a “Census Taker”; a hypothetic...

We present an interpretation of the physics of space-times undergoing eternal inflation by repeated nucleation of bubbles. In many cases the physics can be interpreted in terms of the quantum mechanics of a system with a finite number of states. If this interpretation is correct, the conventional picture of these space-times is misleading.