BACKGROUND Research ethics committees (RECs) are tasked to assess the risks and the benefits of a trial. Currently, two procedure-level approaches are predominant, the Net Risk Test and the Component Analysis. DISCUSSION By looking at decision studies, we see that both procedure-level approaches conflate the various risk-benefit tasks, i.e., risk-benefit assessment, risk-benefit evaluation, r...

abstract the investigation of habermas’s political ideas of philosophical perspective and measuring his philosophical principles ratio, which is the deliberative democracy, is a purpose of this study that will be followed.  on the one hand, the importance of this issue is this that represents the new readings of democratic standards and on the other hand, consolidates one type of the democracy ...

In order to evaluate Floridi’s philosophy of information (PI) and correlative information ethics (IE) as potential frameworks for a global information and computing ethics (ICE), I review a range of important criticisms, defenses, and extensions of PI and IE, along with Floridi’s responses to these, as gathered together in a recent special issue of Ethics and Information Technology. A revised a...

pharmacy, being a profession which its activities are directly related to the health and wellbeing of the people and soci­ety has been described an ethical profession from earliest time. in the recent decades there has been a shift in the phar­macist role from dispensing to relationship with patients and health care providers and interfere the therapeutic process. other branches of pharmacy suc...

Ethics, artificial intelligence (AI), and design thinking are current buzz words. The threat of bias-riddled machine learning algorithms is represented media-wide. Research development initiatives endeavoring to ‘translate’ ethics into processes logic as a method adopted gauge the interests values vast range stakeholders. Gender, its framing, reflection, critical evaluation in relation means fo...

Careful reading of imaginative literature teaches an attentiveness fundamental to the care of the sick. Reflecting on the nature of medical ethics more than twenty years ago, moral theologian Paul Ramsey remarked, '... unless we mean to make medical education more literate, indeed more literary, ethics can find no proper place in it...'. Setting aside what he considered some common misconceptio...

all researches and documents have a philosophical basis and since paradigm refers to the system of thinking, it can be basis for research patterns. despite of the various discussions on information system paradigms and code of ethics , non of them deal with paradigm of code of ethics. due to this gap the aim of this research is explaining the position of ethics paradigm in organizations code of...