Abstract We present a wide-ranging correlation expressed in terms of temperature and density for the viscosity ethanol based on critically evaluated experimental data. The is designed to be used with an existing equation state from triple point (159 K) 620 K at pressures up 102 MPa. Comparisons data indicate estimated uncertainty 4.2 % (at 95 confidence level) liquid supercritical phase MPa, 2 ...

Earlier studies indicated that bacteria responsible for nitrogenase activity of some grasses are located inside the roots. Those studies were conducted with excised roots in which a long, unexplained "lag phase" occurred before initiation of nitrogenase activity. When hydroponically maintained Spartina alterniflora Loisel. was incubated in a two-compartment system with acetylene, ethylene was p...

The effects of ethylene gas, 2-chloroethylphosphonic acid, and the auxin, benzothiazole-2-oxyacetic acid, on the ripening of grapes (Vitis vinifera L.) was investigated. Ethylene hastened the start of ripening of Doradillo grapes when it was aplied for 10 days starting midway through the slow growth phase. 2-Chloroethylphosphonic acid applied to Shiraz grapes showed the same effect, but when it...

We observed the biphasic production of ethylene and reactive oxygen species (ROS) in susceptible tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum 'Wisconsin 38') plants after shoot inoculation with Phytophthora parasitica var nicotianae. The initial transient increase in ROS and ethylene at 1 and 3 h (phase I), respectively, was followed by a second massive increase at 48 and 72 h (phase II), respectively, after pat...

We present a supercritical CO 2 (SCCO 2) process for the preparation of nanoporous organosilicate thin films for ultra low dielectric constant materials. The porous structure was generated by SCCO 2 extraction of a sacrificial poly(propylene glycol) (PPG) from a nanohybrid film, where the nanoscopic domains of PPG porogen are entrapped within the crosslinked poly(methylsilsesquioxane) (PMSSQ) m...

In this paper we extend our previous results on the connectivity functions and pressure of the Random Cluster Model in the highly subcritical phase and in the highly supercritical phase, originally proved only on the cubic lattice Z, to a much wider class of infinite graphs. In particular, concerning the subcritical regime, we show that the connectivity functions are analytic and decay exponent...

The aim of this study was to enhance the apparent solubility and dissolution properties of flurbiprofen through inclusion complexation with cyclodextrins. Especially, the efficacy of supercritical fluid technology as a preparative technique for the preparation of flurbiprofen-methyl-β-cyclodextrin inclusion complexes was evaluated. The complexes were prepared by supercritical carbon dioxide pro...

The supercritical complex Swift-Hohenberg equation models pattern formation in lasers, optical parametric oscillators and photorefractive oscillators. Simulations of this equation in one spatial dimension reveal that much of the observed dynamics can be understood in terms of the properties of exact solutions of phase-winding type. With real coefficients these states take the form of time-indep...