OBJECTIVE To summarise the issues and empirical evidence for reduction of children's residential environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) exposure. DATA SOURCES Literature was obtained by computer search, with emphasis on studies that included quantitative measures of ETS exposure in children's residences and interventions based on social learning theory. STUDY SELECTION Review and empirical artic...

Cancer cells predominantly utilize glycolysis for ATP production even in the presence of abundant oxygen, an environment that would normally result in energy production through oxidative phosphorylation. Although the molecular mechanism for this metabolic switch to aerobic glycolysis has not been fully elucidated, it is likely that mitochondrial damage to the electron transport chain and the re...

Ets-1 is a transcription factor with restricted expression in lymphocytes, and it has been implicated in the regulation of T cell genes such as TCR alpha, TCR beta, CD4, IL-2, and TNF-alpha. We show in this study that Ets-1 is also expressed in some mast cells constitutively and can be induced in primary mast cells with stimuli that activate mast cells. We also show that Ets-1 plays a role in t...

OBJECTIVE The objectives were to analyze the cardiac effects of exposure to tobacco smoke (ETS), for a period of 30 days, alone and in combination with beta-carotene supplementation (BC). RESEARCH METHODS AND PROCEDURES Rats were allocated into: Air (control, n = 13); Air + BC (n = 11); ETS (n = 11); and BC + ETS (n = 9). In Air + BC and BC + ETS, 500 mg of BC were added to the diet. After th...

Secondhand exposure to environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) in multifamily housing remains a health concern despite strong recommendations to implement non-smoking policies. Multiple studies have documented exposure to ETS in non-smoking units located in buildings with smoking units. However, characterizing the magnitude of ETS infiltration or measuring the impact of building interventions or resi...

The pituitary-specific, POU-homeodomain factor GHF-1/Pit-1 is necessary, but not sufficient, for cell-specific expression of prolactin (PRL), growth hormone (GH), and thyrotropin. Combinatorial interactions of GHF-1 with other factors are likely to be required; however, such factors and their mechanisms of action remain to be elucidated. Here we identify Ets-1 as a factor that functionally and ...

Angiogenesis is a critical component of tumor growth. A number of growth factors, including VEGF, FGF, and HGF, have been implicated as angiogenic growth factors that promote tumor angiogenesis in different types of cancer. Ets-1 is the prototypic member of the Ets transcription factor family. Ets-1 is known to be a downstream mediator of angiogenic growth factors. Expression of Ets-1 in a vari...

UNLABELLED Background One effective way of reducing the prevalence of sexually transmissible infections (STIs) in a population is ensuring easy access to clinical services and screening of populations at high risk of STIs, including HIV. We aimed to describe the features of clients using the express testing service (ETS) and the overall impact on the service. METHODS This retrospective cross-...

The ETS transcription factors perform distinct biological functions despite conserving a highly similar DNA-binding domain. One distinguishing property of a subset of ETS proteins is a conserved region of 80 amino acids termed the Pointed (PNT) domain. Using enzyme kinetics we determined that the Ets-1 PNT domain contains an ERK2 docking site. The docking site enhances the efficiency of phospho...

Escape trajectories (ETs; measured as the angle relative to the direction of the threat) have been studied in many taxa using a variety of methodologies and definitions. Here, we provide a review of methodological issues followed by a survey of ET studies across animal taxa, including insects, crustaceans, molluscs, lizards, fish, amphibians, birds and mammals. Variability in ETs is examined in...