Background. Although individual-level risk factors for CDI have been extensively studied, facility-level factors have not. Our objective was to study the determinants of CDI incidence across acute care (AC) and long-term care (LTC) facilities, with a specific interest in the role of imported disease pressure and facility-level antibiotic use. Methods. We conducted a retrospective cohort study o...

The European Union was established in 1951 with the adoption of the European Coal and Steel Community. Many of its early integrative policies were technical in nature and received little attention from the general public. Consequently, a permissive consensus developed allowing the elite to pursue the ideals established by the European Union (EU) (Eichenberg and Dalton 1993, Gabel and Palmer 199...

IFN-alpha has been shown to prolong survival in chronic myeloid leukemia patients, but its mechanism of action is still not understood. The human cobblestone area-forming cell (CAFC) assay allows for the measurement of the concentration of normal as well as malignant stem cells, while their progeny can be measured in parallel long-term culture (LTC) in flasks. Using CAFC and LTC assays, we have...

PURPOSE Long-term care (LTC) services assist people with limitations in the ability to perform activities of daily living (ADLs) as a result of chronic illness or disabilities. We discuss possible behavioral explanations for the under-purchasing of LTC insurance, as well as the current state of knowledge on the neural mechanisms behind these behavioral factors. FINDINGS/APPROACH Ideas from be...

OBJECTIVES The aim of this chronological study was to elucidate the effects of socio-economic status (SES) and physical health on the long-term care (LTC) needs of a Japanese elderly population and to explore their causal relationships. METHODS A self-administered questionnaire was distributed to all residents aged 65 years and older of Tama City, Tokyo, in September 2001. A total of 13,195 c...

The purpose of this study was to develop and test a measure of physical activity for residents in long-term-care facilities, the Physical Activity Survey in Long-Term Care (PAS-LTC). Sixty-six activities are included in the PAS-LTC: routine physical activity, personal-care activities, structured exercise, recreational activities, caretaking activities, and repetitive activities. The study inclu...

Objective: To assess the prevalence of sarcopenia and associated factors among older women from local community living in Long-Term Care (LTC) institutions.Methods: A cross-sectional study conducted with 423 aged 60 or more, LTC institutions. Sarcopenia was defined, according to consensus European Working Group on Older People 2 (EWGSOP2), including three criteria: low muscle strength (LMS) (&l...

Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) mobilized peripheral blood progenitor cells (PBPC) have successfully been used as stem cells for both autologous and allogeneic transplants. However, little is known concerning the absolute number and phenotype of primitive progenitors, such as long-term culture-initiating cells (LTC-IC) in mobilized PBPC. The aim of our study was to evaluate the ca...

At one time, JEAB editorial policy was perceived by some to consist mainly of dogmatically enforcing a Skinnerian interpretation of all findings reported in the journal. Partly in response to that undeserved reputation, the journal explicitly defined itself as the place to publish research on the behavior of individual organisms, and not as a place that encourages any particular theoretical ori...

Like other fields of social policy, the organization long-term care (LTC) varies temporally and geographically. The present article aims to advance comparison LTC systems worldwide by proposing a conceptual framework analyse variation, putting special focus on analysing role public private actor types. In precluding literature review existing typologies, we find that there are various promising...