qasāma is one of the proofs for homicide, which will be reliable in case of the existence of lawth (strong suspicion). there are two major views on how it is implemented. in sum, the first view deems as necessary swearing fifty oaths by fifty people; however the second view deems as sufficient swearing of fifty oaths by the claimant for proving the crime. the second view is a generally accepted...

In the course of reviewing existing automatic term recognition techniques for applications in ontology learning, we came across four issues which can be improved upon. We proposed a new mechanism that incorporates both statistical and linguistic evidences for the computation of a final weight defined as Termhood (TH) for ranking term candidates. The analysis of the frequency distributions of th...

Retinis pigmentosa is a form of retinal dystrophy characterized by pigment deposition resulting in loss peripheral vision, tunnel night blindness and some cases full blindness. Parkinson’s disease progressive extrapyramidal neurological disorder rigidity, bradykinesia tremor at rest due to substantia nigra’s dopaminergic cell; this can be evaluated with 123I-ioflupane single-photon emission com...

split of the moon (shaqq al-qamar) is introduced as one of the prophet’s miracles. this miracle is supported by evidences from the noble verse of the qur’ān ﴾the hour has drawn near and the moon is split.﴿ [q. 54:1], and a collection of the shī‘a and sunnī traditions. this noble verse has been understood in several ways, of which, one concerns the split of the moon in the time of the prophet an...