A patient with myasthenia gravis is described who exhibited hypersensitivity including an apparent acute exacerbation of the underlying disorder when treated with azathioprine. 6-mercaptoprine (6-MP) also produced hypersensitivity which, in contrast, did not manifest as a myasthenic exacerbation.

Patients allergic to aspirin or nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) who develop respiratory reactions such as bronchospasm or asthma exacerbation have aspirin-induced asthma or NSAIDs-exacerbated respiratory disease. However, large-scale studies have not been conducted to investigate the risk of aspirin/NSAIDs exposure in children with asthma. Therefore, this study evaluated the relat...

UNLABELLED The association between onset of asthma exacerbation and the inflammatory response has not been sufficiently studied. OBJECTIVE To determine the differential mechanisms of the rapid onset (RO) asthma exacerbation. METHODS We designed a prospective, multicentre study that included 34 patients who suffered from asthma exacerbation. They were distributed into three groups of asthmat...

Although acute exacerbation of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) has become well recognised, the reported incidence and outcomes are highly variable, and risk factors are unknown. The aim of this study was to estimate the incidence, risk factors and impact of acute exacerbations, and other known causes of rapid deterioration. This was a retrospective review of 461 patients with IPF (269 cases...

T he management of asthma consists of the regular use of anti-inflammatory medications and an action plan for worsening of symptoms or an asthma exacerbation. Guidelines for the treatment of asthma have recommended doubling the dose of maintenance inhaled corticosteroids for deteriorations in asthma control that are not responding to b agonist rescue treatment in the usual manner. 2 Although th...

Despite asthma being the most common chronic childhood ailment, there is still much to learn about the disease. Early childhood infections with well-known or emerging viruses can lay the pathophysiologic framework for asthma development and exacerbation later in life, which may be due partly to alteration of the airway microbiome. Once asthma is established, acute exacerbations are usually asso...

Seasonal variation in respiratory illness and exacerbation pediatric populations with asthma is well described but poorly understood. We hypothesized that nasal microbiota covaries seasonal clinical trends season-specific microbial-host interactions during influence risk of exacerbation. Bacterial (16S rRNA) fungal (ITS2) profiling was performed on longitudinally collected secretion samples fro...

BACKGROUND Patients with idiopathic interstitial pneumonia can experience acute respiratory worsening, also known as acute exacerbation, with a large deterioration on prognosis. The precise mechanism remains unclear; however, syndecan-4 may be involved. Syndecan-4, a transmembrane heparan sulfate proteoglycan expressed in a variety of cells (e.g., epithelial cells, macrophages, fibroblasts, etc...

BACKGROUND The long-term natural history of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in terms of successive severe exacerbations and mortality is unknown. METHODS The authors formed an inception cohort of patients from their first ever hospitalisation for COPD during 1990-2005, using the healthcare databases from the province of Quebec, Canada. Patients were followed until death or 31 Mar...

Exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are episodes of respiratory symptom worsening that are usually associated with infective triggers and variable amounts of airway and systemic inflammation. There has been much interest in COPD exacerbations as they lead to considerable morbidity, hospital admission and readmission and mortality. COPD exacerbations are the most import...