INtrODUctION The science of Archaeology has been in existence for a long time and the way an archaeological excavation is conducted hasn't changed much. However, the way archaeological data is recorded has changed dramatically by the progress of technology and the widespread use of computers. Nowadays, almost any archaeological excavation uses databases to record not only the objects which have...

BACKGROUND Whilst being the most prevalent disease worldwide, dental caries is increasingly concentrated in high-risk populations. New caries treatments should therefore be evaluated not only in terms of their cost-effectiveness in individuals, but also their effects on the distribution of costs and benefits across different populations. To treat deep caries, there are currently three strategie...

With the aim of probing for design theory of cutterhead excavation system of earth pressure balance (EPB) machine, the parameters representing the system performance are concluded firstly. Then a 3D model for cutterhead excavation system of EPB machine is presented with the discrete element method (DEM) software PFC, which is capable of simulating the tunneling ground in site, the machine struc...

Abstract—Excavation and retaining walls are of challenging issues in civil engineering. In this study, the behavior of one important type of supporting systems called Contiguous Bored Pile (CBP) retaining wall is investigated using a physical model. Besides, a comparison is made between two modes of free end piles (soft bed) and fixed end piles (stiff bed). Also a back calculation of effective ...

The underground powerhouse of a hydropower station, in the form cavern group, is generally characterized by large scale and complicated spatial structure. During construction phase, extensive excavation limited space may cause multi-cavern effect between adjacent caverns thus lead to deformation failure surrounding rock mass, which undoubtedly compromises stability safety. This paper takes drai...

An archeological excavation is usually a rapidly evolving environment: several factors (weather, costs, permissions) force the work to be concentrated in a few weeks. Moreover, excavating is essentially a mono-directional operation, which constantly modifies the state of the site. Since most of the interpretation is performed in a second stage, it is necessary to collect a massive amount of doc...

OBJECTIVE To describe the clinical and imaging findings in patients with focal choroidal excavation. METHODS Retrospective observational case series. The medical records of 12 patients (13 eyes) with focal choroidal excavation were reviewed. Clinical histories and imaging findings (including color photography, fundus autofluorescence imaging, fluorescein angiography, indocyanine green angiogr...

BACKGROUND Retinal vein pulsation is often absent in glaucoma, but can be induced by applying a graded ophthalmodynamometric force (ODF) to the eye, which is elevated in glaucoma. AIM To assess whether ODF has a predictive value in determining glaucoma progression. METHODS 75 patients with glaucoma and suspected glaucoma were examined prospectively in 1996, and then re-examined at a mean of...

This article is a Commentary on Jacobsen et al. (2021), 231: 225–242. ‘The response to mechanical impedance complex interaction of differently timed responses.’ Currently, it believed that the root tip encountering physical barrier combination negative thigmotropism (a touch) and positive gravitropism (Massa & Gilroy, 2003). Interestingly, both responses are mediated by redistribution plant hor...

Two-dimensional and three-dimensional seismic surveys were conducted across the Oquirrh fault, Utah with the purpose of imaging the fault structure to a depth of about 15 m. Results show that the 3-D tomogram clearly delineates the fault zone and a colluvial wedge, both of which correlate extremely well with the geologic cross-section interpreted from an adjacent trench. The thickness of the co...