Women with higher parity have a lower risk of ovarian cancer possibly because of pregnancy hormones, but the specific effect of different pregnancy hormones on ovarian cancer risk is not clear. Some clarification might be gained by considering situations where hormone levels vary between pregnancies. Study participants from an Australian population-based, case-control study of epithelial ovaria...

The importance of epidermal growth factor (EGF) in both normal and malignant mammary gland development are presented in these studies. Initial findings demonstrated that in the absence of ovarian hormones, EGF had a significant proliferative effect on mammary epithelial cells. To determine whether mammary epithelial cells grown with EGF, in the absence of ovarian hormones, could be transformed ...

Hormones, including estrogen and progesterone, and their receptors play an important role in the development and progression of ovarian carcinoma. Androgen, its receptor and coactivators have also been implicated in these processes. p44/Mep50/WDR77 was identified as a subunit of the methylosome complex and lately characterized as a steroid receptor coactivator that enhances androgen receptor as...

Hormones transported to the liver by the portal and systemic circulation regulate many hepatic functions. The mechanisms by which these hormones regulate gene expression and protein functions have been under intensive investigation in recent years. It is clear that hepatic metabolic responses to steroid and peptide hormones are generally similar to those for other hormone-sensitive tissues. Thu...

The average middle aged woman goes through a volatile period of endocrine fluctuations as she passes through menopause and the stages that precede and follow it. Ovarian hormones are steroid hormones. They readily cross the cell and nuclear membranes and influence transcription of numerous genes. Such influences are tissue specific and state specific. In short, changes in ovarian hormones mean ...

Recent data indicate that there is an interaction between psychostimulant drugs and gonadal hormones. Mello and colleagues (1994) have collected convincing evidence suggesting that psychomotor drugs can disrupt or alter ovarian and hypophysial hormonal function. The reverse of this also appears to be true; that is, these hormones can affect the physiological and behavioral response to cocaine (...

The ovary is itself a hormone secreting organ, and it has been shown that some ovarian tumors also secrete hormones. Granulosa cell tumors and theca cell tumors are hormone secreting tumors. There have been many reports on the histogeneses, character, and nomenclatures of these tumors. In 1944, Biskind et al. reported the development of granulosa cell tumors and luteoma by intrasplenic ovarian ...

The aim of the present study was to examine the LH response to exogenous estradiol in 4 heifers with ACTH-induced ovarian follicular cysts. During the control experiment, administration of estradiol 24 hr after PGF2alpha in luteal phase heifers resulted in a LH response in all 4 heifers. The LH response was obtained between 16-20 hr after estradiol administration. The peak LH concentration (Mea...

Background: Premature ovarian failure (POF) is defined by the association of amenorrhea, hypoestrogenism and elevated (menopausal) levels of serum gonadotropins before age of 40 years-old. This condition affects approximately %1 of women under 40 years of age. Physiologic replacement of ovarian steroid hormones seems rational until the age of normal menopause. Temporary return of ovarian functi...

Identification of novel molecular markers and therapeutic targets may improve survival rates for patients with ovarian cancer. In the current study, immunohistochemical (IHC) analysis of two human ovarian tumor tissue arrays showed high staining for GDF15 in a majority of tissues. Exogenous stimulation of ovarian cancer cell lines with recombinant human GDF15 (rhGDF15) or stable over-expression...